Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
Physiol Rep. 2024 Nov;12(23):e70144. doi: 10.14814/phy2.70144.
The risk of cardiovascular disease increases significantly after menopause. We sought to assess the impact of different activity levels on cardiac structure and function in postmenopausal women. We grouped age-similar, postmenopausal women by self-reported physical activity levels over two decades. The study involved 34 women (age 61 ± 1 years; 11 ± 2 postmenopausal years; body mass index 23 ± 3 kg/m) categorized into three activity tiers: sedentary (SED; ≤1 h exercise weekly; n = 9); moderately active (MOD; ≥2 ≤6 h low/moderate intensity exercise weekly; n = 11) and highly active (HIGH; >4 h of moderate/high intensity exercise weekly; n = 14). Maximum oxygen uptake (VOmax) differed significantly (p < 0.05) between the groups (24.9 ± 5.8; 30.5 ± 5.8; 38.4 ± 4.4 mL O/kg/min; SED, MOD and HIGH respectively). Conversely, there were no differences (p > 0.05) in height, Total fat-free mass, body surface area or in echocardiographic measures of left ventricular (LV) morphology, systolic function, diastolic function and right ventricular function. Contrary to our hypothesis, these findings reveal that marked differences in activity level and VOmax are not reflected in measures of LV morphology or echocardiographic indicators of cardiac diastolic or systolic function in postmenopausal women of similar body size.
绝经后心血管疾病的风险显著增加。我们旨在评估不同活动水平对绝经后女性心脏结构和功能的影响。我们根据 20 年来的自我报告体力活动水平将年龄相似的绝经后女性分组。该研究涉及 34 名女性（年龄 61±1 岁；绝经后 11±2 年；体重指数 23±3kg/m）分为三个活动层次：久坐不动（SED；每周运动≤1 小时；n=9）；适度活跃（MOD；每周至少 2 小时、不超过 6 小时的低/中强度运动；n=11）和高度活跃（HIGH；每周进行 4 小时以上的中/高强度运动；n=14）。最大摄氧量（VOmax）在组间差异显著（p<0.05）（24.9±5.8；30.5±5.8；38.4±4.4mL O/kg/min；SED、MOD 和 HIGH 分别）。相反，身高、总去脂体重、体表面积或左心室（LV）形态、收缩功能、舒张功能和右心室功能的超声心动图测量值无差异（p>0.05）。与我们的假设相反，这些发现表明，活动水平和 VOmax 的显著差异并没有反映在体型相似的绝经后女性的 LV 形态或超声心动图指标的心脏舒张或收缩功能上。
