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解析细胞穿透肽(RGD)在药物向细胞膜转运中的功能:一种计算方法。

Interpreting the function of cell penetrating peptide (RGD) in drug transport to the cell membrane: a computational approach.

机构信息

Department of Chemistry, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 29;14(1):29668. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-80060-7.


DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-80060-7
PMID:39613819
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11607415/
Abstract

Carbon nanotubes (CNT) have unique properties that make them an excellent option for use as drug carriers. However, to make them safe for the human body, their walls are typically coated with a layer of peptide, which also helps to neutralize their toxicity. Additionally, a specific peptide sequence can be used to deliver therapeutic agents exclusively to cancer cells. In recent years, considerable progress has been made in the development of drug delivery systems (DDS) for drug delivery by computer-assisted. The present study inquires about the loading of ketoprofen (Ket) and naproxen (Nap) conjugated with RGD peptide sequence on CNT and its interaction with the double-layer membrane using the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation method. The obtained results show that the investigated complexes often interact through van der Waals and π-π interactions. Energy values for ketoprofen and naproxen with CNT were evaluated - 270.63 and - 195.8 kJ/mol, respectively. The results of the physical adsorption of the complexes on the membrane surface show that the CNT-KRG and CNT-NRG complexes spontaneously diffuse into the biological membrane. In addition, the study of the interaction energy values ​​of these two complexes with the membrane shows that the van der Waals energy plays a significant role in the stability of the systems. On the other hand, the study of the interaction between the drug-CNT complex and the membrane surface shows that the drug can easily penetrate the membrane in the presence of the peptide sequence and the carrier.

摘要

碳纳米管 (CNT) 具有独特的性质,使其成为药物载体的绝佳选择。然而,为了使其对人体安全,它们的壁通常涂有一层肽,这也有助于中和其毒性。此外,特定的肽序列可用于将治疗剂专门递送到癌细胞。近年来,在计算机辅助药物输送系统 (DDS) 的发展方面取得了相当大的进展。本研究使用分子动力学 (MD) 模拟方法,询问了将 RGD 肽序列与酮洛芬 (Ket) 和萘普生 (Nap) 缀合到 CNT 上的载药及其与双层膜相互作用的情况。所得结果表明,所研究的复合物通常通过范德华力和π-π相互作用相互作用。评估了酮洛芬和萘普生与 CNT 的能量值,分别为-270.63 和-195.8 kJ/mol。这些复合物在膜表面上的物理吸附研究表明,CNT-KRG 和 CNT-NRG 复合物自发地扩散到生物膜中。此外,研究这两个复合物与膜的相互作用能量值表明,范德华能在系统稳定性中起着重要作用。另一方面,研究药物-CNT 复合物与膜表面之间的相互作用表明,在存在肽序列和载体的情况下,药物可以很容易地穿透膜。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd7c/11607415/3f468b4010e2/41598_2024_80060_Fig10_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd7c/11607415/fb694aec7caa/41598_2024_80060_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd7c/11607415/52c26fd6492e/41598_2024_80060_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd7c/11607415/e217d4d71ef9/41598_2024_80060_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd7c/11607415/fe74095425f2/41598_2024_80060_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd7c/11607415/3ae0fca076c0/41598_2024_80060_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd7c/11607415/f45fc0927c83/41598_2024_80060_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd7c/11607415/da65d73ac0a8/41598_2024_80060_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd7c/11607415/6384cc7738f6/41598_2024_80060_Fig8_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd7c/11607415/d7a5c401c3d8/41598_2024_80060_Fig9_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd7c/11607415/3f468b4010e2/41598_2024_80060_Fig10_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd7c/11607415/fb694aec7caa/41598_2024_80060_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd7c/11607415/52c26fd6492e/41598_2024_80060_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd7c/11607415/e217d4d71ef9/41598_2024_80060_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd7c/11607415/fe74095425f2/41598_2024_80060_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd7c/11607415/3ae0fca076c0/41598_2024_80060_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd7c/11607415/f45fc0927c83/41598_2024_80060_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd7c/11607415/da65d73ac0a8/41598_2024_80060_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd7c/11607415/6384cc7738f6/41598_2024_80060_Fig8_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd7c/11607415/d7a5c401c3d8/41598_2024_80060_Fig9_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cd7c/11607415/3f468b4010e2/41598_2024_80060_Fig10_HTML.jpg

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[2]
Adsorption of Peptides onto Carbon Nanotubes Grafted with Poly(ethylene Oxide) Chains: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study.

Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022-10-27

[3]
Cancer Targeting and Diagnosis: Recent Trends with Carbon Nanotubes.

Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022-7-2

[4]
Development of the poly(l-histidine) grafted carbon nanotube as a possible smart drug delivery vehicle.

Comput Biol Med. 2022-4

[5]
RGD engineered dendrimer nanotherapeutic as an emerging targeted approach in cancer therapy.

J Control Release. 2021-12-10

[6]
Molecular Delivery of Cytotoxic Agents via Integrin Activation.

Cancers (Basel). 2021-1-15

[7]
Reinterpreting π-stacking.

Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2020-11-21

[8]
Carbon Nanotubes in Biomedicine.

Top Curr Chem (Cham). 2020-1-14

[9]
Synthesis and biological evaluation of RGD conjugated with Ketoprofen/Naproxen and radiolabeled with [Tc] via N4(GGAG) for αβ integrin-targeted drug delivery.

Daru. 2020-6

[10]
pH-sensitive loading/releasing of doxorubicin using single-walled carbon nanotube and multi-walled carbon nanotube: A molecular dynamics study.

Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 2020-4

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