Metskhvarishvili Gvantsa, Simonia Gaiane, Sarishvili Nora, Tchokhonelidze Irma
Internal Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, GEO.
Nephrology, Tbilisi State Medical University (TSMU) and Ingorokva High Medical Technology (HMT) University Clinic, Tbilisi, GEO.
Cureus. 2024 Oct 30;16(10):e72715. doi: 10.7759/cureus.72715. eCollection 2024 Oct.
Numerous studies have shown that dialysis may not be as beneficial to elderly, frail patients with chronic kidney failure and multiple comorbidities as comprehensive conservative therapy (CCT) and that dialysis may worsen the quality of life (QOL), increase hospitalization rates, and cause a significant decline in functional status. Several mortality predictors have been proposed to determine which patients would benefit more from CCT or dialysis. We estimated the short-term risk of death in an 81-year-old male patient with kidney failure and highly severe frailty using the REIN score, a dependable risk prediction model proposed by the European Renal Best Practice Group for the prediction of short-term risk mortality. This score indicated that the patient had a high chance of death in the ensuing three months. However, the patient's longer survival time and a notable increase in functional status and QOL following hemodialysis started to contradict the expected outcome. It is important to note that the patient had never undergone a frailty assessment before or had been on a nephrologist's follow-up. We suggest that uremia may exaggerate frailty levels in older persons and as a result, undermine the predictive usefulness of mortality prediction scores in this population.
众多研究表明,对于患有慢性肾衰竭且伴有多种合并症的老年体弱患者而言,透析可能并不像综合保守治疗(CCT)那样有益,且透析可能会降低生活质量(QOL)、增加住院率,并导致功能状态显著下降。已提出多种死亡预测指标,以确定哪些患者能从CCT或透析中获益更多。我们使用欧洲肾脏最佳实践小组提出的一种可靠的风险预测模型——REIN评分,来评估一名81岁、患有肾衰竭且极度虚弱的男性患者的短期死亡风险。该评分表明该患者在接下来的三个月内有很高的死亡几率。然而,患者在开始血液透析后的较长生存时间以及功能状态和生活质量的显著提高,开始与预期结果相矛盾。需要注意的是,该患者此前从未接受过衰弱评估,也未接受过肾病科医生的随访。我们认为,尿毒症可能会加剧老年人的衰弱程度,从而削弱该人群中死亡预测评分的预测效用。