Kaur Jaspreet, Baharia Rajendra, Dattani Mamta
Department of Vector Genomics, ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Sector-8, New Delhi, India.
ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Field Unit, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.
Front Public Health. 2024 Nov 15;12:1465228. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1465228. eCollection 2024.
Surveillance is the backbone for the control of malaria and its elimination. In the state of Gujarat, situated in the western region of India, some of the districts reported a high annual blood examination rate (ABER) for malaria. Therefore, a study was conducted to identify the underlying reasons for the increase in the ABER for malaria.
Planned investigations were carried out in three of the state districts, scrutinizing records of malaria forms and other epidemiological data collected during health worker surveillance, assessment of laboratory services, and rapid fever surveys.
The rate of fever ranged from 8 to 57% in the primary health centers that were surveyed. Analysis of epidemiological data revealed that malaria parasite positivity was more from passive than active surveillance. Increased ABER was accounted for by multiple factors, including blood slides collected during the mass survey and contact smears, which were included in the ABER and not mentioned separately. Blood slides prepared for the migrant population were included in the ABER, but the migrant population was not counted while calculating the ABER.
The ABER in villages surveyed varied from 1.6 to 78%, which is mainly due to indiscriminate preparation of blood slides, i.e., without fever symptoms. Addressing the key gaps identified in data recording may aid in channeling the limited resources efficiently, thereby progressing toward malaria elimination. Adequate surveillance activities, along with systematic data recording, will enable timely, informed decision-making for the effective allocation of resources, ultimately supporting malaria elimination efforts in the state.
监测是控制疟疾及其消除工作的支柱。在印度西部地区的古吉拉特邦，一些地区报告疟疾的年度血检率（ABER）很高。因此，开展了一项研究以确定疟疾ABER上升的潜在原因。
在该邦的三个地区进行了有计划的调查，仔细审查了卫生工作者监测期间收集的疟疾表格记录和其他流行病学数据、实验室服务评估以及快速发热调查。
在所调查的初级卫生中心，发热率在8%至57%之间。流行病学数据分析显示，疟原虫阳性率在被动监测中比主动监测中更高。ABER增加是由多种因素造成的，包括大规模调查期间收集的血涂片和接触涂片，这些都包含在ABER中且未单独提及。为流动人口准备的血涂片包含在ABER中，但在计算ABER时未将流动人口计算在内。
所调查村庄的ABER在1.6%至78%之间，这主要是由于无差别地制备血涂片，即没有发热症状时也制备。解决数据记录中发现的关键差距可能有助于有效调配有限资源，从而朝着消除疟疾的目标迈进。充分的监测活动以及系统的数据记录将有助于及时做出明智决策，以便有效分配资源，最终支持该邦的疟疾消除工作。
