Paolone Gaetano, Pavan Francesca, Mandurino Mauro, Baldani Sofia, Guglielmi Paolo Chiara, Scotti Nicola, Cantatore Giuseppe, Vichi Alessandro
Dental School, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy.
Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School Lingotto, Turin, Italy.
J Esthet Restor Dent. 2023 Mar;35(2):309-321. doi: 10.1111/jerd.13009. Epub 2023 Jan 5.
To conduct a systematic review on color stability of dental resin-based composites (RBC) exposed to conventional and electronic cigarettes.
In vitro studies reporting on the color stability of RBC exposed to conventional cigarettes or to e-cigarettes: both Tobacco Heating Systems (THS) and Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS). The quality of the included studies was assessed with the QUIN tool (risk-of-bias tool for assessing in vitro studies conducted in dentistry). A systematic search, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was performed on four (n = 4) databases (Embase, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science) for articles published until March 28th, 2022.
Of the 365 screened articles, 13 were included in this review. All the included articles analyzed conventional cigarette smoke (CS), four analyzed Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) and two Tobacco Heating Systems (THS). In terms of study design, smoke exposure time, smoke flow, type and number of cigarettes a high variability was reported.
The available evidence suggests that CS smoke significantly affects color stability. Electronic cigarettes show less color change that seems to be easily recovered under clinical acceptability thresholds, although evidence is scarce.
Clinicians should be aware, and should therefore warn their patients, that RBCs are subjected to irreversible color change if exposed to smoke. Electronic cigarettes (both ENDS and THS) induce less color change that can be recovered with repolishing or whitening procedures.
对暴露于传统香烟和电子烟的牙科树脂基复合材料（RBC）的颜色稳定性进行系统评价。
关于RBC暴露于传统香烟或电子烟（包括烟草加热系统（THS）和电子尼古丁传送系统（ENDS））的颜色稳定性的体外研究。使用QUIN工具（用于评估牙科体外研究的偏倚风险工具）评估纳入研究的质量。按照系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA），在四个（n = 4）数据库（Embase、Medline、Scopus、Web of Science）中进行系统检索，检索截至2022年3月28日发表的文章。
在365篇筛选的文章中，13篇纳入本评价。所有纳入文章均分析了传统香烟烟雾（CS），4篇分析了电子尼古丁传送系统（ENDS），2篇分析了烟草加热系统（THS）。在研究设计、烟雾暴露时间、烟雾流量、香烟类型和数量方面，报告存在高度变异性。
现有证据表明，CS烟雾显著影响颜色稳定性。电子烟导致的颜色变化较小，在临床可接受阈值下似乎易于恢复，尽管证据较少。
临床医生应意识到，并因此警告患者，如果RBC暴露于烟雾中会发生不可逆的颜色变化。电子烟（ENDS和THS）导致的颜色变化较小，可以通过再抛光或美白程序恢复。
