Department of Gynecology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Women and Children's Critical Diseases Research, Fujian Province Key Clinical Specialty for Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, 18 Dao-shan street, Gu-lou District, Fuzhou, 350000, China.
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shaxian General Hospital, Sanming, China.
Int Urogynecol J. 2023 Sep;34(9):2089-2097. doi: 10.1007/s00192-023-05518-0. Epub 2023 Mar 27.
To determine the prevalence, severity, risk factors and self-perception of female urinary incontinence (UI) in rural Fujian, China.
This population-based cross-sectional study was conducted between June and October 2022. Women aged 20 to 70 years from rural communities in Fujian Province were selected by multistage random sampling. Data from respondents were collected by completing standardised questionnaires through face-to-face interviews. The main outcome was prevalence and self-perception of UI.
A total of 5659 valid questionnaires were collected. The overall prevalence of female UI was 23.6% (95% CI 22.5-24.7). The most common type was stress UI with a prevalence of 14.0% (95% CI 13.1-14.9), followed by mixed UI with a prevalence of 6.1% (95% CI 5.5-6.7), and finally urgency UI with a prevalence of 3.5% (95% CI 3.0-3.9). Multivariate regression analysis suggested that older age, obesity, postmenopausal status, multiple vaginal deliveries, macrosomia, instrumental vaginal delivery and previous pelvic floor surgeries were independently associated with UI (P < 0.05). The overall awareness rate of UI was 24.7%, and older age, lower level of education, and income were significantly associated with a decrease in awareness (P < 0.05). Only 33.3% of respondents believed they should seek medical help for UI.
UI affects more than one-fifth of women in rural Fujian, and several factors are thought to be associated with its development. Rural women have a poor self-perception of UI, which is exacerbated by older age, lower levels of education, and lower income.
本研究旨在确定中国福建省农村地区女性尿失禁（UI）的流行率、严重程度、危险因素和自我认知。
本基于人群的横断面研究于 2022 年 6 月至 10 月进行。采用多阶段随机抽样方法，从福建省农村社区中选取 20 至 70 岁的女性。通过面对面访谈完成标准化问卷收集受访者的数据。主要结局是 UI 的流行率和自我认知。
共收集了 5659 份有效问卷。女性 UI 的总体流行率为 23.6%（95%CI 22.5-24.7）。最常见的类型是压力性 UI，流行率为 14.0%（95%CI 13.1-14.9），其次是混合性 UI，流行率为 6.1%（95%CI 5.5-6.7），最后是急迫性 UI，流行率为 3.5%（95%CI 3.0-3.9）。多变量回归分析表明，年龄较大、肥胖、绝经后状态、多次阴道分娩、巨大儿、器械性阴道分娩和既往盆底手术史与 UI 独立相关（P<0.05）。UI 的总体知晓率为 24.7%，年龄较大、教育程度较低和收入较低与知晓率降低显著相关（P<0.05）。仅有 33.3%的受访者认为她们应该因 UI 寻求医疗帮助。
农村福建地区有超过五分之一的女性患有 UI，几个因素被认为与它的发展有关。农村女性对 UI 的自我认知较差，这一情况因年龄较大、教育程度较低和收入较低而进一步加重。
