Zheng Xucheng, Lu Qian, Huang Chunhui, Nazir Usman, Yang Zhi, Yang Haiming, Wang Zhiyue
College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China.
Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Poult Sci. 2025 Jan;104(1):104581. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104581. Epub 2024 Nov 22.
The current study aimed to explore the suitable starch: protein ratios under different dietary protein levels for goslings. A total of 360 male 1-day-old Jiangnan White goslings were randomly divided into 6 groups with six replicates containing ten goslings each. The experimental design consisted of a 3 × 2 factorial array of treatments. Three protein levels (18%, 16%, 14%) and two starch: protein ratio (S: P ratio) types (standard, reduced) were formulated. The results showed that: reducing the S: P ratio at the same dietary protein level increased weight gain (WG), average daily gain (ADG), and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of goslings (P < 0.05). Lowering the protein level increased feed-to- gain ratio (F/G) at the same dietary S: P ratio type. Both decreasing dietary protein levels and reducing S: P resulted in an increase (P < 0.05) in the serum albumin (ALB) content of goslings. Protein at 18% level, minimized serum total cholesterol (TC) in goslings. Reducing the dietary S: P ratio elevated serum lipid concentration. In reduced S: P ratio diets, serum Leucine (Leu) decreased and Threonine (Thr) concentration increased. The reduction in dietary protein level and S: P ratio significantly affected the amino acid composition of muscles. The varied levels of protein and S: P ratio types interacted to influence the starch digestibility of distal jejunum. In addition, the reduced S: P ratio attenuates α-amylase activity of jejunal chyme. Moreover, SGLT1 and GLUT2 genes expression were generally down-regulated, and SLC7A5 gene expression was up-regulated in reduced S: P ratio groups. In summary, the diet with 14% protein level, and 2.97 starch: protein ratio is recommended to use in gosling's growth phase of 1 to 28 days.
本研究旨在探索不同日粮蛋白质水平下雏鹅适宜的淀粉与蛋白质比例。选取360只1日龄雄性江南白鹅，随机分为6组，每组6个重复，每个重复10只鹅。试验设计采用3×2析因试验。设置了三个蛋白质水平（18%、16%、14%）和两种淀粉与蛋白质比例类型（标准型、降低型）。结果表明：在相同日粮蛋白质水平下，降低淀粉与蛋白质比例可提高雏鹅的体重增加量（WG）、平均日增重（ADG）和平均日采食量（ADFI）（P<0.05）。在相同日粮淀粉与蛋白质比例类型下，降低蛋白质水平会提高料重比（F/G）。降低日粮蛋白质水平和淀粉与蛋白质比例均会使雏鹅血清白蛋白（ALB）含量升高（P<0.05）。蛋白质水平为18%时，雏鹅血清总胆固醇（TC）含量最低。降低日粮淀粉与蛋白质比例会提高血清脂质浓度。在淀粉与蛋白质比例降低的日粮中，血清亮氨酸（Leu）含量降低，苏氨酸（Thr）浓度升高。日粮蛋白质水平和淀粉与蛋白质比例的降低显著影响肌肉的氨基酸组成。不同水平的蛋白质和淀粉与蛋白质比例类型相互作用，影响空肠远端的淀粉消化率。此外，淀粉与蛋白质比例降低会减弱空肠食糜的α-淀粉酶活性。而且，在淀粉与蛋白质比例降低的组中，SGLT1和GLUT2基因表达普遍下调，SLC7A5基因表达上调。综上所述，建议在1至28日龄雏鹅生长阶段使用蛋白质水平为14%、淀粉与蛋白质比例为2.97的日粮。
