European Laboratory of Innovation Science and Expertise, Adisseo France S.A.S. Department of R&I in Monogastric Animal Nutrition, Saint Fons, 69190, France.
European Laboratory of Innovation Science and Expertise, Adisseo France S.A.S. Department of R&I in Monogastric Animal Nutrition, Saint Fons, 69190, France.
Poult Sci. 2024 Sep;103(9):104020. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104020. Epub 2024 Jun 24.
The present study investigated the effects of low protein diets with different starch sources and starch to protein ratio on growth, digestibility, intestinal health, caecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), serum cholesterol and triglycerides in broiler chickens. Eight hundred one-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly allotted to one of 4 dietary treatments with 10 repeats and 20 birds in each repeat. The dietary treatments included 1) a standard protein corn-SBM based diet (SP), 2) a low protein corn-SBM based diet (LPI) without reduced starch: protein ratio, 3) a low protein corn-SBM based diet (LPII) with reduced starch: protein ratio, and 4) a low protein corn-SBM-peas based diet (LPP) and reduced starch: protein ratio. Soy hulls were added in the LPII and LPP diets to reduce starch: protein ratio. During the experiment period from 11 to 24 d, FI was not affected by the dietary treatments (P > 0.05). The BWG was significantly reduced in the LPI diet compared to the SP diet (P < 0.05). Likewise, FCR deteriorated in LPI and LPII but was better in the SP diet followed by the LPP diet (P < 0.05). The apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter (DM) varied significantly among the dietary treatments (P < 0.01). While ATTD of starch was similar for all the diets except the LPP diet wherein the ATTD of starch was significantly lower (P < 0.001). Ether extract digestibility was also significantly different between the SP and LPII dietary treatments (P < 0.01). The AME and AME values were significantly lower in the LPP diet compared with other dietary treatments (P < 0.001). Nitrogen retention (%) was increased in all the LP diets compared with the SP diet (P < 0.001), but it was significantly better in both LPII and LPP diets compared to the LPI diet. The data showed that cecal SCFAs production was increased in the LPII and LPP compared to the SP and LPI diets (P < 0.001). Further, the production of acetic, butyric, and propionic acids was substantially higher in the LPP diet (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in gene expression of Claudin-1 and ZO-1 (P > 0.05). However, MUC-2 and GLUT-1 gene expression were significantly downregulated in the LPI diet (P < 0.05). The concentration of cholesterol and triglycerides was significantly increased in the LPI diet (P < 0.001). In conclusion, the addition of peas as a slowly digestible starch source combined with soy hulls in low protein diet helped to partly recover the growth performance and improved cecal SCFAs production compared to other low protein diets with and without reduced starch: protein ratio in broiler chickens.
本研究探讨了不同淀粉来源和淀粉与蛋白质比例的低蛋白日粮对肉鸡生长、消化率、肠道健康、盲肠短链脂肪酸（SCFA）、血清胆固醇和甘油三酯的影响。将 800 只 1 日龄雄性肉鸡（Ross 308）随机分为 4 种日粮处理组，每组 10 个重复，每个重复 20 只鸡。日粮处理包括 1）标准蛋白玉米-豆粕基础日粮（SP），2）低蛋白玉米-豆粕基础日粮（LPI），不降低淀粉：蛋白质比例，3）低蛋白玉米-豆粕基础日粮（LPII），降低淀粉：蛋白质比例，和 4）低蛋白玉米-豆粕-豌豆日粮（LPP）和降低淀粉：蛋白质比例。在 LPII 和 LPP 日粮中添加大豆皮以降低淀粉：蛋白质比例。在 11 至 24 天的试验期间，FI 不受日粮处理的影响（P > 0.05）。与 SP 日粮相比，LPI 日粮的 BWG 显著降低（P < 0.05）。同样，LPI 和 LPII 日粮的 FCR 恶化，但 SP 日粮优于 LPP 日粮（P < 0.05）。干物质（DM）的表观全肠道消化率（ATTD）在日粮处理之间差异显著（P < 0.01）。除 LPP 日粮外，所有日粮的淀粉 ATTD 相似，而 LPP 日粮的淀粉 ATTD 显著较低（P < 0.001）。乙醚提取物消化率在 SP 和 LPII 日粮处理之间也存在显著差异（P < 0.01）。与其他日粮处理相比，LPP 日粮的AME 和 AME 值显著降低（P < 0.001）。与 SP 日粮相比，所有 LP 日粮的氮保留率（%）均增加（P < 0.001），但 LPII 和 LPP 日粮的氮保留率显著优于 LPI 日粮。数据显示，与 SP 和 LPI 日粮相比，LPII 和 LPP 日粮的盲肠 SCFA 产量增加（P < 0.001）。此外，LPP 日粮中乙酸、丁酸和丙酸的产量显著升高（P < 0.001）。Claudin-1 和 ZO-1 的基因表达没有显著差异（P > 0.05）。然而，LPI 日粮中 MUC-2 和 GLUT-1 基因表达显著下调（P < 0.05）。LPI 日粮中胆固醇和甘油三酯的浓度显著升高（P < 0.001）。总之，与其他含有或不含有降低淀粉：蛋白质比例的低蛋白日粮相比，在低蛋白日粮中添加豌豆作为缓慢消化的淀粉来源，并结合大豆皮，有助于部分恢复肉鸡的生长性能，并改善盲肠 SCFA 的产生。
