Zhang Xiu Juan, Yuen Vincent L, Zhang Yuzhou, Kam Ka Wai, Wong Jason, Tang Fang Yao, Young Alvin, Ip Patrick, Chen Li Jia, Wong Tien Y, Pang Chi Pui, Tham Clement C, Cheung Carol Y, Yam Jason C
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2024 Dec 2;65(14):7. doi: 10.1167/iovs.65.14.7.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of physical activity and inactivity on the microvasculature in children, as measured from retinal photographs.
All participants were from the Hong Kong Children Eye Study, a population-based cross-sectional study of children aged 6 to 8 years. They received comprehensive ophthalmic examinations and retinal photography. Their demographics and involvement in physical activity and inactivity were obtained from validated questionnaires. A validated Deep Learning System was used to measure, from retinal photographs, central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE) and central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE).
In the final analysis of 11,959 participants, 6244 (52.2%) were boys and the mean age was 7.55 (1.05) years. Increased ratio of physical activity to inactivity was associated with wider CRAE (β = 1.033, P = 0.007) and narrower CRVE (β = -2.079, P < 0.001). In the subgroup analysis of boys, increased ratio of physical activity to inactivity was associated with wider CRAE (β = 1.364, P = 0.013) and narrower CRVE (β = -2.563, P = 0.001). The subgroup analysis of girls also showed increased ratio of physical activity to inactivity was associated with narrower CRVE (β = -1.759, P = 0.020), but not CRAE.
Increased activity in children is associated with healthier microvasculature, as shown in the retina. Our study contributes to the growing evidence that physical activity positively influences vascular health from a young age. Therefore, this study also underscores the potential of using the retinal vasculature as a biomarker of cardiovascular health.
本研究旨在通过视网膜照片测量，调查身体活动和缺乏活动对儿童微血管系统的影响。
所有参与者均来自香港儿童眼部研究，这是一项基于人群的6至8岁儿童横断面研究。他们接受了全面的眼科检查和视网膜摄影。通过经过验证的问卷获取他们的人口统计学信息以及身体活动和缺乏活动的情况。使用经过验证的深度学习系统从视网膜照片中测量视网膜中央动脉等效直径（CRAE）和视网膜中央静脉等效直径（CRVE）。
在对11959名参与者的最终分析中，6244名（52.2%）为男孩，平均年龄为7.55（1.05）岁。身体活动与缺乏活动的比例增加与更宽的CRAE相关（β = 1.033，P = 0.007）以及更窄的CRVE相关（β = -2.079，P < 0.001）。在男孩的亚组分析中，身体活动与缺乏活动的比例增加与更宽的CRAE相关（β = 1.364，P = 0.013）以及更窄的CRVE相关（β = -2.563，P = 0.001）。女孩的亚组分析也显示身体活动与缺乏活动的比例增加与更窄的CRVE相关（β = -1.759，P = 0.020），但与CRAE无关。
儿童活动增加与更健康的微血管系统相关，如视网膜所示。我们的研究为越来越多的证据做出了贡献，即身体活动从年轻时就对血管健康产生积极影响。因此，本研究还强调了将视网膜血管系统用作心血管健康生物标志物的潜力。
