Westbury Chris, King Daniel
Department of Psychology, University of Alberta.
Cogn Sci. 2024 Dec;48(12):e70022. doi: 10.1111/cogs.70022.
Judgments of character traits tend to be overcorrelated, a bias known as the halo effect. We conducted two studies to test an explanation of the effect based on shared lexical context and connotation. Study 1 tested whether the context similarity of trait names could explain 39 participants' ratings of the probability that two traits would co-occur. Over 126 trait pairs, cosine similarity between the word2vec vectors of the two words was a reliable predictor of the human judgments of trait co-occurrence probability (cross-validated r = .19, p < .001). Two measures related to word similarity increased the variation accounted for in the human judgments to 45%, cross-validated (p < .001). In Experiment 2, 40 different participants judged similarity of word meaning within the pairs, confirming that the word pairs were not simply synonymous (Average [SD] = 40.8/100 [13.1/100]). Shared lexical context and word connotation play a role in shaping the halo effect.
对性格特质的判断往往存在过度相关的情况，这是一种被称为光环效应的偏差。我们进行了两项研究，以检验基于共享词汇语境和内涵对该效应的一种解释。研究1测试了特质名称的语境相似性是否能够解释39名参与者对两种特质同时出现概率的评级。在126对特质中，两个词的word2vec向量之间的余弦相似度是人类对特质共现概率判断的可靠预测指标（交叉验证r = 0.19，p < 0.001）。与词相似性相关的两项指标将人类判断中所解释的变异增加到了45%，交叉验证（p < 0.001）。在实验2中，40名不同的参与者判断了这些对子中词义的相似性，证实这些词对并非简单的同义词（平均值[标准差]= 40.8/100 [13.1/100]）。共享词汇语境和词的内涵在塑造光环效应中发挥着作用。
