Abdelrahem Mohammed M M, Abouelela Mohamed E, Abo-Dahab Nageh F, Hassane Abdallah M A
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt.
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
AIMS Microbiol. 2024 Nov 19;10(4):1024-1051. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2024044. eCollection 2024.
Fungal co-culture is a method that allows the detection of interactions between fungi, enabling the examination of bioactive novel metabolites induction that may not be produced in monocultures. Worldwide, basal rot is a primary limitation to onion yield, being caused by different species. Current research directions encourage biological control of plant diseases as a replacement for routine chemical treatments. The current study aimed to investigate the co-culturing technique for mining new sources of bioagents that could be used as fungicides. AUMC15539 was co-cultured with AUMC15504, and their ethyl acetate extract was tested in vitro and in a greenhouse against AUMC15541. The results showed that - (AP) co-culture extract significantly inhibited the growth of with an MIC value of 0.78 mg/mL and showed antioxidant efficiency with an IC value of 1.31 mg/mL. The brine shrimp toxicity testing showed a LC value of 2.77 mg/mL. In addition, the co-culture extract showed the highest phenolic content at 114.71 GAE mg/g, with a 27.82 QE mg/g flavonoid content. Profiling of AP co-culture and its monoculture extracts by HPLC revealed a change in the metabolites profile in AP co-culture. Principal component analysis verified a positive correlation between the obtained HPLC data of (A), (P), and AP extracts. Greenhouse experiments demonstrated that treating infected onion plants with the AP co-culture extract significantly enhanced all growth parameters. Additionally, the co-culture extract treatment resulted in the highest levels of total pigments (3.46 mg/g), carbohydrates (52.10 mg/g dry weight), proteins (131.44 mg/g), phenolics (41.66 GAE mg/g), and flavonoids (9.43 QE mg/g) compared with other treatments. This indicates a promising potential for fungal co-cultures in discovering new bioagents with antifungal properties and growth-promoting capabilities.
真菌共培养是一种能够检测真菌之间相互作用的方法，可用于研究单培养中可能无法产生的生物活性新型代谢产物的诱导情况。在全球范围内，基腐病是洋葱产量的主要限制因素，由不同物种引起。当前的研究方向鼓励将植物病害的生物防治作为常规化学处理的替代方法。本研究旨在探究共培养技术，以挖掘可作为杀菌剂的新型生物制剂来源。将AUMC15539与AUMC15504进行共培养，并对其乙酸乙酯提取物进行体外和温室试验，以对抗AUMC15541。结果表明，（AP）共培养提取物显著抑制了其生长，MIC值为0.78 mg/mL，抗氧化效率IC值为1.31 mg/mL。卤虫毒性试验显示LC值为2.77 mg/mL。此外，共培养提取物的酚含量最高，为114.71 GAE mg/g，黄酮含量为27.82 QE mg/g。通过HPLC对AP共培养及其单培养提取物进行分析，发现AP共培养中代谢产物谱发生了变化。主成分分析证实了（A）、（P）和AP提取物的HPLC数据之间存在正相关。温室试验表明，用AP共培养提取物处理受感染的洋葱植株显著提高了所有生长参数。此外，与其他处理相比，共培养提取物处理导致总色素（3.46 mg/g）、碳水化合物（52.10 mg/g干重）、蛋白质（131.44 mg/g）、酚类（41.66 GAE mg/g）和黄酮类（9.43 QE mg/g）含量最高。这表明真菌共培养在发现具有抗真菌特性和促进生长能力的新型生物制剂方面具有广阔的潜力。
