Yuan Mengqi, Han Fang, Yang Yue, Dunets Aleksandr, Shishin Mikhail, Mazbayev Ordenbek, Batbayar Bayarkhuu
State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
PLoS One. 2024 Dec 4;19(12):e0314075. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0314075. eCollection 2024.
Most of the world's mountains are distributed across national boundaries. However, due to the sovereignty of national boundaries, conservation plans between neighboring countries are often uncoordinated. Against the backdrop of impending environmental changes, transboundary mountain ecosystems and biodiversity face significant threats. This study employs the MaxEnt model, leveraging data on climate, topography, landscape, and human activities to predict potential distribution areas for mammals and birds, aiming to identify biodiversity hotspots (BHs) and analyze their distribution mechanisms in the Altai Mountains transboundary region (AMTR). Results indicate that BHs are primarily located near the Russian-Mongolian border, significantly influenced by climate variables, elevation, and human activities. The study also highlights changes in key habitat types (KHTs), particularly transitions between grassland and bareland, and the impact of climate-driven land cover change on the distribution of BHs. Furthermore, the research evaluates the coverage of protected areas and emphasizes the importance of identifying key biodiversity areas (KBAs) and establishing transboundary corridors for enhanced species protection and future environmental change adaptation. The findings underscore the necessity of transboundary cooperation and focused strategies for biodiversity conservation to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change and human activities.
世界上大多数山脉都跨越国界分布。然而，由于国界主权问题，邻国之间的保护计划往往缺乏协调。在环境变化迫在眉睫的背景下，跨界山区生态系统和生物多样性面临重大威胁。本研究采用最大熵模型，利用气候、地形、景观和人类活动数据来预测哺乳动物和鸟类的潜在分布区域，旨在识别生物多样性热点地区（BHs）并分析其在阿尔泰山跨界地区（AMTR）的分布机制。结果表明，生物多样性热点地区主要位于俄罗斯与蒙古边境附近，受气候变量、海拔和人类活动的影响显著。该研究还突出了关键栖息地类型（KHTs）的变化，特别是草地和裸地之间的过渡，以及气候驱动的土地覆盖变化对生物多样性热点地区分布的影响。此外，该研究评估了保护区的覆盖范围，并强调了识别关键生物多样性地区（KBAs）和建立跨界走廊以加强物种保护和适应未来环境变化的重要性。研究结果强调了跨界合作以及针对生物多样性保护的重点策略的必要性，以减轻气候变化和人类活动的不利影响。
