Patra Shraboni, Sambharkar Shashikant, Harode Sheetal, Barde Kalpana, Pillewan Amita
State Monitoring and Resource Cell, Nutrition Bureau, Nagpur, MH, India.
Public Health Department, Nutrition Bureau, Nagpur, MH, India.
Public Health Nutr. 2024 Dec 5;28(1):e13. doi: 10.1017/S1368980024002465.
For the past three decades, India has implemented several nutrition programmes to address malnutrition in the under-fives. To understand the programme's impact, this study assesses the prevalence of acute malnutrition, moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) and severe acute malnutrition (SAM), using mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) among tribal children.
The survey was conducted in two tribal blocks (Desaiganj and Bhamragad) of the Gadchiroli district in Maharashtra to identify children registered in the 'Anganwadi' program.
A community-based cross-sectional survey was carried out.
The total sample size was 1055 children (aged 0-59 months).
The overall prevalence of SAM and MAM was 1·4 % ( 15) and 9·8 % ( 103). A higher prevalence of MAM was found in males (38·5 %, 40) and females (27·1 %, 28) in below 6 months. Additionally, a higher prevalence of MAM was observed in females (10·7 %, 113) compared with males (9·0 %, 95). The prevalence of SAM was significantly ( < 0·001) higher in females (1·7 %, 18) than in males (1·0 %, 11). Children aged between 12 and 17 months were sixteen times more likely (OR = 16·9, < 0·001, CI = 4·8, 59·6) to have MAM (MUAC < 12·5 cm) than children aged between 6 and 11 months. Children from the Desaiganj block were significantly less likely (OR = 0·4, < 0·001, CI = 0·2, 0·7) to have MAM compared with children from Bhamragad. Approximately 4 % ( 42) of children were classified as critically malnourished.
There is an urgent need for block-level monitoring of MAM and SAM, as well as evaluation of existing nutrition programmes, to address the disparity in the sex-specific prevalence of MAM and SAM in tribal areas.
在过去三十年里，印度实施了多项营养计划以解决五岁以下儿童的营养不良问题。为了解这些计划的影响，本研究使用上臂中部周长（MUAC）评估部落儿童中急性营养不良、中度急性营养不良（MAM）和重度急性营养不良（SAM）的患病率。
该调查在马哈拉施特拉邦加德奇罗利区的两个部落街区（德赛甘杰和巴姆拉加德）进行，以确定在“安甘瓦迪”计划中登记的儿童。
开展了一项基于社区的横断面调查。
总样本量为1055名儿童（年龄在0至59个月之间）。
SAM和MAM的总体患病率分别为1.4%（15例）和9.8%（103例）。6个月以下的男性（38.5%，40例）和女性（27.1%，28例）中MAM患病率较高。此外，女性（10.7%，113例）的MAM患病率高于男性（9.0%，95例）。女性（1.7%，18例）的SAM患病率显著高于男性（1.0%，11例）（P<0.001）。12至17个月大的儿童患MAM（MUAC<12.5厘米）的可能性是6至11个月大儿童的16倍（OR=16.9，P<0.001，CI=4.8，59.6）。与巴姆拉加德的儿童相比，德赛甘杰街区的儿童患MAM的可能性显著降低（OR=0.4，P<0.001，CI=0.2，0.7）。约4%（42例）的儿童被归类为严重营养不良。
迫切需要对MAM和SAM进行街区层面的监测，并评估现有的营养计划，以解决部落地区MAM和SAM性别特异性患病率的差异。
