Shaw G M, Windham G C, Leonard A, Neutra R R
Am J Public Health. 1986 May;76(5):540-3. doi: 10.2105/ajph.76.5.540.
Data on hazardous material releases that occurred between January 1, 1982 and September 30, 1983 in California were obtained from the California Highway Patrol (CHP) and the US Department of Transportation (DOT). The majority of incidents involved highway transport of hazardous materials, although some information was available on air, rail, and stationary facility releases. Vehicle accidents and failure of or damage to the container were the most frequent causes of releases. Proportionately more hazardous materials incidents occurred in early summer than at other times of the year, during weekdays, and daytime hours. The largest proportions of incidents involved the chemical categories of corrosives and fuels. Reported exposures and injuries to response personnel and other people at the scene were relatively few; no fatalities were reported. Few incidents were reported in both data sources, suggesting that the examination of only one data source would yield a gross underestimate of the total number of hazardous materials incidents in California. The lack of available denominator data limits the interpretation of the findings.
1982年1月1日至1983年9月30日期间在加利福尼亚州发生的危险物质泄漏数据来自加利福尼亚公路巡逻队（CHP）和美国运输部（DOT）。虽然有一些关于空气、铁路和固定设施泄漏的信息，但大多数事件涉及危险物质的公路运输。车辆事故以及容器故障或损坏是泄漏的最常见原因。与一年中的其他时间相比，初夏、工作日和白天发生的危险物质事件比例更高。最大比例的事件涉及腐蚀性物质和燃料这两类化学品。报告的应急人员和现场其他人员的接触和受伤情况相对较少；没有死亡报告。两个数据源报告的事件都很少，这表明仅检查一个数据源会严重低估加利福尼亚州危险物质事件的总数。可用分母数据的缺乏限制了对研究结果的解读。
