Heidari Elham, Dalir Hamed, Koushyar Farzad Mokhtari, Nouri Behrouz Movahhed, Patil Chandraman, Miscuglio Mario, Akinwande Deji, Sorger Volker J
Microelectronics Research Center, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78758, USA.
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
Nanophotonics. 2022 Mar 17;11(17):4011-4016. doi: 10.1515/nanoph-2021-0797. eCollection 2022 Sep.
With the increasing need for large volumes of data processing, transport, and storage, optimizing the trade-off between high-speed and energy consumption in today's optoelectronic devices is getting increasingly difficult. Heterogeneous material integration into silicon- and nitride-based photonics has showed high-speed promise, albeit at the expense of millimeter-to centimeter-scale footprints. The hunt for an electro-optic modulator that combines high speed, energy efficiency, and compactness to support high component density on-chip continues. Using a double-layer graphene optical modulator integrated on a Silicon photonics platform, we are able to achieve 60 GHz speed (3 dB roll-off), micrometer compactness, and efficiency of 2.25 fJ/bit in this paper. The electro-optic response is boosted further by a vertical distributed-Bragg-reflector cavity, which reduces the driving voltage by about 40 times while maintaining a sufficient modulation depth (5.2 dB/V). Modulators that are small, efficient, and quick allow high photonic chip density and performance, which is critical for signal processing, sensor platforms, and analog- and neuromorphic photonic processors.
随着对大量数据处理、传输和存储的需求不断增加，在当今的光电器件中优化高速与能耗之间的权衡变得越来越困难。将异质材料集成到基于硅和氮化物的光子学中已显示出高速的前景，尽管代价是毫米到厘米级的尺寸。寻找一种结合高速、能源效率和紧凑性以支持片上高组件密度的电光调制器的工作仍在继续。在本文中，我们使用集成在硅光子平台上的双层石墨烯光学调制器，实现了60吉赫兹速度（3分贝滚降）、微米级紧凑性以及2.25飞焦/比特的效率。垂直分布布拉格反射器腔进一步增强了电光响应，它将驱动电压降低了约40倍，同时保持足够的调制深度（5.2分贝/伏）。小型、高效且快速的调制器可实现高光子芯片密度和性能，这对于信号处理、传感器平台以及模拟和神经形态光子处理器至关重要。
