Sheikhi Arya, Shirmohammadpour Mina, Mahdei Nasirmahalleh Nima, Mirzaei Bahman
Department of Microbiology and Virology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
Front Immunol. 2024 Nov 20;15:1483740. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1483740. eCollection 2024.
Carbohydrates are commonly found in conjunction with lipids or proteins, resulting in the formation of glycoconjugates such as glycoproteins, glycolipids, and proteoglycans. These glycoconjugates are essential in various biological activities, including inflammation, cell-cell recognition, bacterial infections, and immune response. Nonetheless, the isolation of naturally occurring glycoconjugates presents challenges due to their typically heterogeneous nature, resulting in variations between batches in structure and function, impeding a comprehensive understanding of their mechanisms of action. Consequently, there is a strong need for the efficient synthesis of artificial glycoconjugates with precisely described compositions and consistent biological properties. The chemical and enzymatic approaches discussed in this paper present numerous research opportunities to develop customised glycoconjugate vaccines.
碳水化合物通常与脂质或蛋白质结合存在，从而形成糖缀合物，如糖蛋白、糖脂和蛋白聚糖。这些糖缀合物在多种生物活性中至关重要，包括炎症、细胞间识别、细菌感染和免疫反应。然而，由于天然存在的糖缀合物通常具有异质性，导致批次之间在结构和功能上存在差异，阻碍了对其作用机制的全面理解，因此分离它们具有挑战性。因此，迫切需要高效合成具有精确描述的组成和一致生物学特性的人工糖缀合物。本文讨论的化学和酶促方法为开发定制化糖缀合物疫苗提供了众多研究机会。
