Tanz Lauren J, Stewart Andrea, Gladden R Matt, Ko Jean Y, Owens Lauren, O'Donnell Julie
Division of Overdose Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, CDC.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2024 Dec 5;73(48):1099-1105. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7348a2.
During 2023, approximately 72,000, or nearly seven in 10, drug overdose deaths in the United States were estimated to involve illegally manufactured fentanyls (IMFs). Carfentanil, a fentanyl analog 100 times more potent than fentanyl, has reemerged in the U.S. drug supply. Using CDC's State Unintentional Drug Overdose Reporting System data, this report describes trends in overdose deaths during January 2021-June 2024, overall and with IMFs detected, by U.S. Census Bureau region, and in deaths with carfentanil detected, in 45 states and the District of Columbia (DC). Numbers of deaths with carfentanil detected by state during January 2023-June 2024 in 49 states and DC are also reported. The number of overdose deaths with IMFs detected declined from 2022 to 2023 in the Northeast (3.2% decline), Midwest (7.8%), and South (2.8%) regions; deaths in the West increased 33.9%. The percentage of deaths with IMFs detected was steady at approximately 70%-80% in the Northeast, Midwest, and South. In contrast, the percentage of deaths with IMFs detected in the West increased from 48.5% during January-March 2021 to 66.5% during April-June 2024. Overdose deaths with carfentanil detected increased approximately sevenfold, from 29 during January-June 2023 to 238 during January-June 2024; during January 2023-June 2024, overdose deaths with carfentanil detected were reported in 37 states. Overdose prevention efforts that address the widespread presence of IMFs, including carfentanil, and can rapidly adapt to other potent opioids in the drug supply might result in lasting reductions in overdose deaths across the entire United States.
2023年期间，据估计，美国约7.2万例药物过量死亡病例（近十分之七）涉及非法制造的芬太尼（IMF）。卡芬太尼是一种效力比芬太尼强100倍的芬太尼类似物，已重新出现在美国毒品供应中。本报告利用美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）的州意外药物过量报告系统数据，描述了2021年1月至2024年6月期间美国人口普查局各地区以及45个州和哥伦比亚特区（DC）总体以及检测到IMF的药物过量死亡趋势，以及检测到卡芬太尼的死亡情况。还报告了2023年1月至2024年6月期间49个州和哥伦比亚特区按州统计的检测到卡芬太尼的死亡人数。2022年至2023年期间，东北部（下降3.2%）、中西部（下降7.8%）和南部（下降2.8%）地区检测到IMF的药物过量死亡人数有所下降；西部地区的死亡人数增加了33.9%。在东北部、中西部和南部，检测到IMF的死亡病例百分比稳定在约70%-80%。相比之下，西部地区检测到IMF的死亡病例百分比从2021年1月至3月期间的48.5%增至2024年4月至6月期间的66.5%。检测到卡芬太尼的药物过量死亡人数增加了约七倍，从2023年1月至6月的29例增至2024年1月至6月的238例；在2023年1月至2024年6月期间，37个州报告了检测到卡芬太尼的药物过量死亡病例。针对包括卡芬太尼在内的IMF广泛存在且能迅速适应毒品供应中其他强效阿片类药物的过量预防措施，可能会使美国各地的过量死亡人数持续减少。
