Mekureyaw Mengistu F, Junker Allyson Leigh, Bai Lu, Zhang Yan, Wei Zongsu, Guo Zheng
Section of Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark.
Centre for Water Technology (WATEC), Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Alle 3, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark.
Water Res. 2025 Mar 1;271:122888. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122888. Epub 2024 Nov 29.
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) with stable carbon-fluorine bonds are used in a wide range of industrial and commercial applications. Due to their extreme environmental persistence, PFAS have the potential to bioaccumulate, cause adverse effects, and present challenges regarding remediation. Recently, microbial and enzymatic reactions for sustainable degradation of PFAS have gained attention from researchers, although biological decomposition of PFAS remains challenging. Surprisingly, laccases, the multi-copper oxidases produced by various organisms, showed potential for PFAS degradation. Mediators play key roles in initiating laccase induced PFAS degradation and defluorination reactions. The laccase-catalyzed PFAS degradation reactions are relatively slower than normal biocatalytic reactions and the low activity of native laccases constrains their capacity to complete defluorination. With their low redox potential and narrow substrate scope, an innovative remediation strategy must be taken to accelerate this reaction. In this review we have summarized the status, challenges, and future perspectives of enzymatic PFAS degradation. The knowledge of laccase-based defluorination and the molecular basis of the reaction mechanisms overviewed in this study could inform future applications of laccases for sustainable PFAS remediation.
具有稳定碳氟键的全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）被广泛应用于各种工业和商业领域。由于其在环境中具有极强的持久性，PFAS有可能发生生物累积，造成不良影响，并在修复方面带来挑战。近年来，用于PFAS可持续降解的微生物和酶促反应受到了研究人员的关注，尽管PFAS的生物分解仍然具有挑战性。令人惊讶的是，各种生物体产生的多铜氧化酶漆酶显示出降解PFAS的潜力。介体在启动漆酶诱导的PFAS降解和脱氟反应中起关键作用。漆酶催化的PFAS降解反应相对比正常生物催化反应慢，并且天然漆酶的低活性限制了它们完全脱氟的能力。由于其氧化还原电位低和底物范围窄，必须采取创新的修复策略来加速这一反应。在这篇综述中，我们总结了酶促降解PFAS的现状、挑战和未来展望。本研究中概述的基于漆酶的脱氟知识和反应机制的分子基础可为漆酶在PFAS可持续修复中的未来应用提供参考。
