Tabaka Przemysław, Ściężor Tomasz
Institute of Electrical Power Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Łódź, Poland.
Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Cracow University of Technology, Kraków, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 6;14(1):30421. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-82123-1.
In urban areas, one of the main forms of light pollution is the intrusion of light through windows into residential buildings. This phenomenon can harm human health, so standards have been introduced to define limits for vertical illuminance. This study aims to assess the levels of outdoor lighting on the windows of residential buildings in Poland in terms of compliance with standards for protection against intrusive light, as well as to compare the results obtained using various commercially available photometers. The paper presents the results of field measurements of vertical illuminance on the window surfaces of 17 residential buildings in several cities in Poland. The measurements were made with 22 photometers representing different metrological levels. The measuring instruments selected for the study are a sample of commercially available photometers. Despite the same lighting conditions on the surface of the individual windows, discrepancies can be seen in the measured illuminance values of the different photometers. The vertical illuminance measurements were subjected to statistical analysis. It was found that of the 22 photometers, only a few were suitable for assessing obtrusive light from outdoor lighting installations. It has also been noted that on window surfaces, in buildings located on a busy street in the city centre, the illuminance can reach up to 100 lx, many times exceeding the permissible values of 1, 2, 5, 10 and 25 lx.
在城市地区，光污染的主要形式之一是光线透过窗户侵入住宅建筑。这种现象会损害人体健康，因此已出台标准来界定垂直照度的限值。本研究旨在评估波兰住宅建筑窗户上的室外照明水平是否符合防止侵入性光的标准，并比较使用各种市售光度计获得的结果。本文介绍了波兰几个城市17栋住宅建筑窗户表面垂直照度的现场测量结果。测量使用了22台代表不同计量水平的光度计。为该研究选择的测量仪器是市售光度计的一个样本。尽管各个窗户表面的照明条件相同，但不同光度计测得的照度值仍存在差异。对垂直照度测量结果进行了统计分析。结果发现，在这22台光度计中，只有少数适合评估室外照明装置的侵入性光。还注意到，在市中心一条繁忙街道上的建筑物的窗户表面，照度可达100勒克斯，多次超过1、2、5、10和25勒克斯的允许值。
