Cheon Bobby K, Brown Aleah, Bittner Julia M P, Saha Abhisek, Smith Meegan R, Bloomer Bess F, Te-Vazquez Jennifer A, Adekola Praise E, Jones Jeremiah L, Brady Sheila M, Yang Shanna B, Turner Sara A, Tanofsky-Kraff Marian, Yanovski Jack A
Division of Population Health Research, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Division of Population Health Research, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Appetite. 2025 Feb 1;206:107811. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107811. Epub 2024 Dec 4.
Subjective status represents one's perceptions of their social/socioeconomic standing compared to others. Low subjective status is associated with higher energy intake and body mass, independent of objective status indicators. Low subjective status could be blunting sensations of satiation/satiety, which may spur energy intake. However, there is limited research directly examining the role of subjective status on satiation and satiety, especially in children. We cross-sectionally examined whether subjective socioeconomic status (SSES) and subjective social status (SSS) are independently associated with satiation and satiety. We hypothesized that children/adolescents reporting lower SSES or SSS would report reduced satiation and satiety after energy intake.
While fasted, children/adolescents (N = 133, Age = 13.7 ± 3.0 years) consumed a standardized breakfast shake. Participants reported their satiation (difference in pre- and post-shake appetite ratings divided by percentage of shake consumed) and satiety (ratings of hunger across a 90-min period following shake consumption).
Lower SSS was associated with reduced satiation (B = 0.04, 95%CI: 0.0003, 0.08) and both lower SSS and SSES were associated with greater hunger across 90-min (SSS: B = -8.06, 95%CI: 12.94, -4.32; SSES: B = -6.57, 95%CI: 12.35, -1.52). Higher SSES was also associated with lower odds of an unsatiated, yet slowly increasing (OR = 0.61, 95%CI: 0.42, 0.90) or decreasing (OR = 0.63, 95%CI: 0.41, 0.96) hunger trajectory.
Lower subjective status is associated with reduced satiation and satiety among children/adolescents. Blunting of these sensations in early life may help explain the broader relationships between low subjective status, excess energy intake, and higher body mass, as well as socioeconomic disparities in these outcomes.
主观地位代表一个人相对于他人对自己社会/社会经济地位的认知。低主观地位与较高的能量摄入和体重相关，与客观地位指标无关。低主观地位可能会削弱饱腹感，这可能会刺激能量摄入。然而，直接研究主观地位对饱腹感作用的研究有限，尤其是在儿童中。我们进行了横断面研究，以检验主观社会经济地位（SSES）和主观社会地位（SSS）是否与饱腹感独立相关。我们假设报告SSES或SSS较低的儿童/青少年在摄入能量后会报告饱腹感降低。
在禁食状态下，儿童/青少年（N = 133，年龄 = 13.7 ± 3.0岁）饮用一份标准化的早餐奶昔。参与者报告他们的饱腹感（奶昔饮用前后食欲评分的差异除以饮用奶昔的百分比）和饱腹感（饮用奶昔后90分钟内的饥饿评分）。
较低的SSS与饱腹感降低相关（B = 0.04，95%置信区间：0.0003，0.08），较低的SSS和SSES都与90分钟内更大的饥饿感相关（SSS：B = -8.06，95%置信区间：12.94，-4.32；SSES：B = -6.57，95%置信区间：12.35，-1.52）。较高的SSES也与未得到满足但缓慢增加（比值比 = 0.61，95%置信区间：0.42，0.90）或减少（比值比 = 0.63，95%置信区间：0.41，0.96）的饥饿轨迹的较低几率相关。
较低的主观地位与儿童/青少年的饱腹感降低相关。早年这些感觉的减弱可能有助于解释低主观地位、能量摄入过多和较高体重之间更广泛的关系，以及这些结果中的社会经济差异。
