社会经济流动性、代谢健康和饮食：通过主观社会经济地位的中介作用。
Socioeconomic mobility, metabolic health, and diet: mediation via subjective socioeconomic status.
机构信息
Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
出版信息
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2024 Nov;32(11):2035-2044. doi: 10.1002/oby.24148.
OBJECTIVE
Socioeconomic mobility, i.e., changing socioeconomic status (SES) between adolescence and adulthood, may impact health through changing resources, social status, and health-related behaviors. This analysis examined whether subjective SES contributes to associations of mobility with metabolic health (BMI and metabolic syndrome) and unhealthy diets (fast-food consumption and sugar-sweetened beverage [SSB] consumption).
METHODS
National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health data were used (n = 4132). Mobility was defined as the difference between adolescent (collected 1994-1995, ages 11-19 years) and adult (collected 2016-2018, ages 33-43 years) SES. Linear and logistic regressions examined associations of mobility with metabolic and dietary outcomes and mediation by subjective SES.
RESULTS
Substantial upward mobility was associated with lower risk of high SSB consumption compared with stable disadvantaged SES (risk difference: -0.10 [95% CI: -0.16 to -0.041]). Subjective SES mediated associations of upward, but not downward, mobility with risks of developing metabolic syndrome, high fast-food consumption, and high SSB consumption; upward mobility was associated with higher subjective SES and lower risks of poor metabolic and dietary outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS
The finding that subjective SES contributed to associations between upward mobility and better health may inform development of interventions designed to promote healthier diets and reduce socioeconomic disparities in metabolic health.
目的
社会经济地位流动，即青少年期和成年期之间社会经济地位的变化，可能通过改变资源、社会地位和与健康相关的行为对健康产生影响。本分析检验了主观社会经济地位是否会影响流动与代谢健康（BMI 和代谢综合征）和不良饮食（快餐消费和含糖饮料消费）之间的关联。
方法
使用了全国青少年至成人健康纵向研究数据（n=4132）。流动性定义为青少年期（1994-1995 年收集，年龄 11-19 岁）和成年期（2016-2018 年收集，年龄 33-43 岁）社会经济地位之间的差异。线性和逻辑回归检验了流动性与代谢和饮食结果之间的关联，以及主观社会经济地位的中介作用。
结果
与稳定的不利社会经济地位相比，大量向上流动与较低的高 SSB 消费风险相关（风险差异：-0.10 [95%CI：-0.16 至 -0.041]）。主观社会经济地位中介了向上流动，但不是向下流动，与代谢综合征、高快餐消费和高 SSB 消费风险之间的关联；向上流动与较高的主观社会经济地位和较低的不良代谢和饮食结果风险相关。
结论
主观社会经济地位对向上流动与更好健康之间的关联有影响，这一发现可能为促进更健康饮食和减少代谢健康方面的社会经济差异的干预措施的制定提供信息。
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