Ogawa Mariko, Iioka Yukiko, Takamatsu Kiyoshi
Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima Medical Center for Children and Women, Fukushima, Japan.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan.
Int Urogynecol J. 2025 Jan;36(1):189-196. doi: 10.1007/s00192-024-05996-w. Epub 2024 Dec 7.
Women with genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) may have anxiety and depression; however, this is unclear.
A total of 646 postmenopausal women undergoing treatment for menopausal symptoms were enrolled in this retrospective cross-sectional study. Questionnaire responses were recorded at the first visit, and participants were divided into GSM (≥1 moderate or severe GSM symptom) or no-GSM (without any moderate/severe symptoms) groups. Mental health was assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The HADS scores of the two groups were compared, and GSM symptoms affecting mental health were analyzed using a logistic regression model.
350 (54.2%) women were assigned to the GSM group. Among GSM symptoms, urinary frequency was the most common (moderate/severe: 37.5%). The proportion of participants with anxiety was significantly higher in the GSM group than in the no-GSM group, and odds ratio (OR) was 1.429 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.046-1.951). Additionally, the proportion of participants with both anxiety and depression was significantly higher in the GSM group than in the no-GSM group. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis showed that urinary frequency was significantly associated with anxiety (OR 1.429; 95% CI 1.046-1.951) and depression (OR 1.639, 95% CI 1.189-2.261).
Japanese women with GSM reported higher HADS scores for anxiety than those without GSM. Among GSM symptoms, urinary frequency was common, which affected the mental health of menopausal women the most. Therefore, clinicians should be aware of the possibility that women seeking care for menopausal symptoms may have comorbid frequent urination and anxiety.
患有更年期泌尿生殖综合征（GSM）的女性可能存在焦虑和抑郁情绪；然而，这一点尚不清楚。
本回顾性横断面研究共纳入646名正在接受更年期症状治疗的绝经后女性。在首次就诊时记录问卷回复情况，并将参与者分为GSM组（≥1项中度或重度GSM症状）或非GSM组（无任何中度/重度症状）。使用医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）评估心理健康状况。比较两组的HADS得分，并使用逻辑回归模型分析影响心理健康的GSM症状。
350名（54.2%）女性被分配到GSM组。在GSM症状中，尿频最为常见（中度/重度：37.5%）。GSM组中焦虑参与者的比例显著高于非GSM组，优势比（OR）为1.429（95%置信区间[CI]：1.046 - 1.951）。此外，GSM组中同时患有焦虑和抑郁的参与者比例显著高于非GSM组。此外，逻辑回归分析显示尿频与焦虑（OR 1.429；95% CI 1.046 - 1.951）和抑郁（OR 1.639，95% CI 1.189 - 2.261）显著相关。
报告显示，患有GSM的日本女性的焦虑HADS得分高于未患GSM的女性。在GSM症状中，尿频较为常见，对绝经后女性的心理健康影响最大。因此，临床医生应意识到，因更年期症状寻求治疗的女性可能同时存在尿频和焦虑的可能性。
