Bizon J G, Newman R K
Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1986 Jun;112(6):664-7. doi: 10.1001/archotol.1986.03780060076012.
Malignant melanomas comprise approximately 1.5% of all malignant tumors and one fifth of these will involve the head and neck. The surgeon who operates in this region should be familiar with all aspects of this disease. The most common site of metastasis to the nose and paranasal sinuses is via the maxillary sinus. Often these metastases are of renal origin, with pulmonary metastases being the second most common source. The most frequent presenting symptoms are epistaxis, a nasal mass, or nasal obstruction. Review of the English literature to date has not revealed any reports of isolated metastatic melanoma to the ethmoid sinus. Batson, in 1940, proposed a plausible mechanism of such hematogenous metastasis via a valveless vertebral venous bed.
恶性黑色素瘤约占所有恶性肿瘤的1.5%,其中五分之一会累及头颈部。在此区域进行手术的外科医生应熟悉该疾病的各个方面。转移至鼻和鼻窦最常见的部位是通过上颌窦。这些转移瘤通常起源于肾脏,肺转移是第二常见的来源。最常见的症状是鼻出血、鼻腔肿物或鼻塞。迄今为止,回顾英文文献尚未发现孤立性筛窦转移性黑色素瘤的任何报道。1940年,巴特森提出了一种通过无瓣膜的椎静脉丛发生这种血行转移的合理机制。