乳制品消费与2型糖尿病风险之间的关联。
The association between consumption of dairy products and risk of type 2 diabetes.
作者信息
Fathi Soroor, Vahdat Mahsa, Saeedirad Zahra, Hassanpour Ardekanizadeh Naeemeh, Mousavi Mele Mahdi, Shekari Soheila, Mobarakeh Khadijeh Abbasi, Shafaei Hanieh, Mosavi Jarrahi Alireza, Rajabi Harsini Asma, Khoshdooz Sara, Gholamalizadeh Maryam, YazdiMoghaddam Hamideh, Doaei Saeid
机构信息
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences.
Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz.
出版信息
Cardiovasc Endocrinol Metab. 2024 Dec 4;14(1):e00318. doi: 10.1097/XCE.0000000000000318. eCollection 2025 Mar.
BACKGROUND
The effects of dairy products on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are unclear. Some studies have revealed the beneficial effects, whereas others found harmful effects of dairy products on the risk of T2DM. The objective of the present study was to investigate the association of different types of dairy products with risk of T2DM in Iranian adults.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study included a total of 4241 individuals. Among these participants, 1804 were diagnosed with T2DM or prediabetes, whereas the remaining 2437 individuals were without T2DM. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess the consumption of different types of dairy products.
RESULTS
A positive association was found between T2DM with dietary intake of milk [odds ratio (OR): 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11-1.23, = 0.008] and cheese (OR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.41-2.29, = 0.001) after adjustment for age, sex, physical activity, BMI, education level, energy, and fat intake. There was no significant association between T2DM and dietary intake of total dairy, yogurt, ayran (yogurt drink), and curd.
CONCLUSION
A positive association was found between the consumption of some dairy products including milk and cheese and the risk of T2DM. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to approve this finding.
背景
乳制品对2型糖尿病（T2DM）的影响尚不清楚。一些研究揭示了其有益作用，而另一些研究则发现乳制品对T2DM风险有有害影响。本研究的目的是调查伊朗成年人中不同类型乳制品与T2DM风险之间的关联。
方法
这项横断面研究共纳入4241名个体。在这些参与者中，1804人被诊断为T2DM或糖尿病前期，而其余2437人没有T2DM。使用经过验证的食物频率问卷来评估不同类型乳制品的摄入量。
结果
在调整年龄、性别、身体活动、BMI、教育水平、能量和脂肪摄入量后，发现T2DM与牛奶饮食摄入量[比值比（OR）：1.16，95%置信区间（CI）：1.11-1.23，P = 0.008]和奶酪（OR：1.90，95% CI：1.41-2.29，P = 0.001）之间存在正相关。T2DM与总乳制品、酸奶、阿亚然（酸奶饮料）和凝乳的饮食摄入量之间没有显著关联。
结论
发现包括牛奶和奶酪在内的一些乳制品的消费与T2DM风险之间存在正相关。需要进一步的纵向研究来证实这一发现。
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