Gantsho Vuyiswa, Talatala Mvuyiso, Mdaka Nokuthula
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Department of Psychiatry, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa.
S Afr J Psychiatr. 2024 Nov 12;30:2208. doi: 10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v30i0.2208. eCollection 2024.
Adolescents living with HIV (ALWHIV) are more vulnerable to developing depressive symptoms. Despite this knowledge, the screening for depression is not routinely integrated into HIV treatment programmes.
The study aimed to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms among ALWHIV.
The study was carried out in the primary healthcare clinics and an antiretroviral clinic situated in a district hospital, West Rand District, Johannesburg.
This was a cross-sectional study of 125 ALWHIV. The modified Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents (PHQ-A) was used to screen for depressive symptoms with a score of ≥ 5 deemed significant. A distress protocol was used for immediate psychological intervention.
The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 44.8% and the majority of ALWHIV reported mild-moderate symptoms (36.8%). Overall, 25.6% of adolescents had suicidal behaviours. Those with psychosocial difficulties and those who reported a previous suicide attempt were 3.6 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.17-11.03) and 6.9 (aOR 6.93, 95% CI:1.39-34.55) times likely to develop depressive symptoms, respectively.
A high prevalence of depressive symptoms was found in ALWHIV. Psychosocial difficulties and previous suicide attempts were predictive factors for depressive symptoms. This highlights the unmet need for the integration of mental health screening and overall mental health services into adolescent HIV programmes.
This study emphasises an urgent need for routine mental health screening and prompt psychosocial support in ALWHIV.
感染艾滋病毒的青少年（ALWHIV）更容易出现抑郁症状。尽管了解这一情况，但抑郁症筛查并未常规纳入艾滋病毒治疗项目。
本研究旨在确定感染艾滋病毒青少年中抑郁症状的患病率。
该研究在约翰内斯堡西兰德区一家区级医院的初级保健诊所和一家抗逆转录病毒诊所进行。
这是一项对125名感染艾滋病毒青少年的横断面研究。采用改良的青少年患者健康问卷（PHQ-A）筛查抑郁症状，得分≥5分被视为有意义。采用应激处理方案进行即时心理干预。
抑郁症状的患病率为44.8%，大多数感染艾滋病毒青少年报告有轻度至中度症状（36.8%）。总体而言，25.6%的青少年有自杀行为。有心理社会困难的青少年和曾有自杀未遂史的青少年出现抑郁症状的可能性分别是其他青少年的3.6倍（调整优势比[aOR]3.59，95%置信区间[CI]：1.17 - 11.03）和6.9倍（aOR 6.93，95%CI：1.39 - 34.55）。
在感染艾滋病毒青少年中发现抑郁症状的患病率很高。心理社会困难和既往自杀未遂史是抑郁症状的预测因素。这凸显了将心理健康筛查和整体心理健康服务纳入青少年艾滋病毒项目的未满足需求。
本研究强调了对感染艾滋病毒青少年进行常规心理健康筛查和及时心理社会支持的迫切需求。
