Yang Chun, Pan Jiancun, Pang Shaojie, Hu Shuang, Liu Miao, Zhang Xinyan, Song Liping, Ren Xiangnan, Wang Zhongli
School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Feihe Research Institute,Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co., Ltd., Beijing, China.
Front Nutr. 2024 Nov 22;11:1428938. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1428938. eCollection 2024.
The diversity of dairy products and the increasing consumption levels have led to a growing interest in goat and sheep milk, which are rich in essential nutrients and functional components. The study aims to explore the nutritional composition, growth performance, digestibility, and serum metabolic differences of milk powders from cow, goat, and sheep using LC-MS/MS-based metabolomics in rat models.
Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with whole cow, goat, and sheep milk powder samples , and their feces and urine were analyzed for fat and protein content. LC/MS analysis was conducted using a Dionex UltiMate 3000 UHPLC system coupled with a Thermo Q EXACTIVE mass spectrometer, with data processed using Wekemo Bioincloud for quality control, normalization, comparisons with the KEGG database, statistical analyses, and selection of differential metabolites.
The sheep milk powder showed highest protein and fat content level, while cow and goat milk powders separately demonstrated higher lactose and carbohydrate levels. Each milk powder had a unique mineral profile, with sheep milk powder containing the highest calcium content. All groups exhibited consistent growth in body weight and high rates of protein and fat digestibility. Metabolomics analysis revealed distinct metabolic profiles, with goat milk powder linked to steroid hormone biosynthesis and sheep milk powder associated with hormone regulation and bile acid pathways.
This study offers valuable insights into the metabolic implications of different milk powder sources, informing dietary choices and facilitating the development of targeted public health strategies to optimize nutritional intake and promote overall well-being.
乳制品的多样性以及消费水平的不断提高，引发了人们对富含必需营养素和功能成分的山羊奶和绵羊奶的兴趣日益浓厚。本研究旨在利用基于液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）的代谢组学方法，在大鼠模型中探究牛奶粉、山羊奶粉和绵羊奶粉的营养成分、生长性能、消化率及血清代谢差异。
将60只雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠分别喂食全脂牛奶粉、山羊奶粉和绵羊奶粉样本，分析其粪便和尿液中的脂肪和蛋白质含量。使用戴安UltiMate 3000超高效液相色谱系统与赛默飞Q EXACTIVE质谱仪进行LC/MS分析，数据通过Wekemo Bioincloud进行处理，以进行质量控制、归一化、与KEGG数据库比较、统计分析及差异代谢物的筛选。
绵羊奶粉的蛋白质和脂肪含量最高，而牛奶粉和山羊奶粉分别具有较高的乳糖和碳水化合物含量。每种奶粉都有独特的矿物质分布，绵羊奶粉的钙含量最高。所有组的体重均呈现一致增长，蛋白质和脂肪消化率较高。代谢组学分析揭示了不同的代谢谱，山羊奶粉与类固醇激素生物合成相关，绵羊奶粉与激素调节和胆汁酸途径有关。
本研究为不同奶粉来源的代谢影响提供了有价值的见解，为饮食选择提供了依据，并有助于制定有针对性的公共卫生策略，以优化营养摄入并促进整体健康。
