Sibiak Rafal, Gutaj Pawel, Mantaj Urszula, Adamczak Lukasz, Blatkiewicz Malgorzata, Rucinski Marcin, Wender-Ozegowska Ewa
Department of Reproduction, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
J Diabetes Investig. 2025 Mar;16(3):543-554. doi: 10.1111/jdi.14369. Epub 2024 Dec 9.
AIMS/INTRODUCTION: Placental glucose transport is regulated by glucose transporter proteins (GLUTs). The study aimed to examine placental expression of GLUT-1, GLUT-3, and GLUT-4 mRNA in patients with type 1 diabetes, early gestational diabetes (eGDM), and healthy controls, and to investigate correlations between GLUTs expression and clinical parameters. Additionally, we compared placental transcriptome profiles in recruited subgroups.
We recruited 59 pregnant women: 23 with type 1 diabetes, 17 with eGDM, and 19 controls. Patients with diabetes attended follow-up visits at each trimester. Transcriptome studies were performed in 4 patients per subgroup.
The mean age was similar across all subgroups. eGDM patients had significantly higher BMI and were predominantly obese. We observed a significant 2-fold (P = 0.009) decrease in placental GLUT-3 mRNA expression in the type 1 diabetes and eGDM groups. GLUT-4 mRNA expression was significantly lower in the eGDM group compared to type 1 diabetes (3-fold) and controls (6-fold) (P = 0.007). There was a significant negative correlation between GLUT-3 (R = -0.29) and GLUT-4 (R = -0.27) mRNA expression and neonatal birth weight. GLUT-4 expression was negatively correlated with 1st trimester HbA1c (R = -0.72) and OGTT 120' (R = -0.82) results in eGDM patients, and 3rd trimester glycemic variability (R = -0.49) in type 1 diabetes. Microarray analysis revealed significant transcriptomic changes, with 45 down-regulated and 365 up-regulated genes in type 1 diabetes, and 21 significant changes in eGDM.
Placental samples from patients with diabetes exhibit changes in GLUTs expression, which correlates with neonatal growth and several glycemic parameters. Additionally, multiple changes in transcriptomic profiles are observed in hyperglycemic patients.
目的/引言：胎盘葡萄糖转运受葡萄糖转运蛋白（GLUTs）调控。本研究旨在检测1型糖尿病患者、早期妊娠糖尿病（eGDM）患者及健康对照者胎盘组织中GLUT - 1、GLUT - 3和GLUT - 4 mRNA的表达情况，并探讨GLUTs表达与临床参数之间的相关性。此外，我们还比较了所招募亚组的胎盘转录组谱。
我们招募了59名孕妇：23名1型糖尿病患者、17名eGDM患者和19名对照者。糖尿病患者在每个孕期均接受随访。每个亚组选取4名患者进行转录组研究。
所有亚组的平均年龄相似。eGDM患者的BMI显著更高，且大多为肥胖者。我们观察到，1型糖尿病组和eGDM组胎盘GLUT - 3 mRNA表达显著降低了2倍（P = 0.009）。与1型糖尿病组（3倍）和对照组（6倍）相比，eGDM组的GLUT - 4 mRNA表达显著更低（P = 0.007）。GLUT - 3（R = -0.29）和GLUT - 4（R = -0.27）mRNA表达与新生儿出生体重之间存在显著负相关。在eGDM患者中，GLUT - 4表达与孕早期糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）（R = -0.72）和口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）120分钟结果（R = -0.82）呈负相关，在1型糖尿病患者中，与孕晚期血糖变异性（R = -0.49）呈负相关。微阵列分析显示存在显著的转录组变化，1型糖尿病中有45个基因下调和365个基因上调，eGDM中有21个显著变化。
糖尿病患者的胎盘样本显示出GLUTs表达的变化，这与新生儿生长和多个血糖参数相关。此外，在高血糖患者中观察到转录组谱的多种变化。
