Nyakotey David A, Gamble Greg D, McKinlay Christopher J D, Bloomfield Frank H, Harding Jane E
Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Counties Manukau Health, Kidz First Neonatal Care, Auckland, New Zealand.
Acta Paediatr. 2025 May;114(5):1030-1042. doi: 10.1111/apa.17534. Epub 2024 Dec 9.
To determine how gestational age at birth and postnatal growth relate to body composition in childhood.
We calculated conditional growth (birth-2 years, 2 years-6 years) and measured body composition at 2 and 6 years using bioelectrical impedance in cohorts of New Zealand children born very preterm (VPT; 23-31 weeks), late preterm (LPT; 35- <37 weeks) and term (≥37 weeks). We explored the relationships between growth and fat mass (FM) index and fat-free mass (FFM) index at 6 years using multivariable linear regression.
Of 1125 children (51% male), 202 were VPT, 114 LPT and 809 Term. Compared to Term, VPT but not LPT were lighter and shorter at 2 and 6 years and had lower FM index and FFM index. The association between weight growth from 2 to 6 years and both FM index and FFM index at 6 years was stronger than for weight growth from birth to 2 years or height growth at any period in all gestational age groups.
Size and body composition at 2 and 6 years are different between infants born VPT, but not LPT, and at term. Later weight growth is more strongly associated with childhood body composition than earlier growth.
确定出生时的胎龄和出生后生长与儿童期身体成分之间的关系。
我们计算了条件生长（出生至2岁、2岁至6岁），并使用生物电阻抗技术测量了新西兰极早产儿（VPT；23 - 31周）、晚期早产儿（LPT；35 - <37周）和足月儿（≥37周）队列在2岁和6岁时的身体成分。我们使用多变量线性回归探讨了6岁时生长与脂肪量（FM）指数和去脂体重（FFM）指数之间的关系。
在1125名儿童（51%为男性）中，202名是VPT，114名是LPT，809名是足月儿。与足月儿相比，VPT儿童（而非LPT儿童）在2岁和6岁时体重更轻、身高更矮，且FM指数和FFM指数更低。在所有胎龄组中，2至6岁体重增长与6岁时FM指数和FFM指数之间的关联比出生至2岁体重增长或任何时期身高增长的关联更强。
VPT出生的婴儿（而非LPT出生的婴儿）与足月儿在2岁和6岁时的体型和身体成分不同。后期体重增长比早期增长与儿童期身体成分的关联更强。
