Ramachandran Prashanth, Ramirez Andrea, Dinneny José R
Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Plant Physiol. 2024 Dec 23;197(1). doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiae586.
The current climate crisis has global impacts and will affect the physiology of plants across every continent. Ensuring resilience of our agricultural and natural ecosystems to the environmental stresses imposed by climate change will require molecular insight into the adaptations employed by a diverse array of plants. However, most current studies continue to focus on a limited set of model species or crops. Root systems are particularly understudied even though their functions in water and nutrient uptake are likely pivotal for plant stress resilience and sustainable agriculture. In this review, we highlight anatomical adaptations in roots that enable plant survival in different ecological niches. We then present the current state of knowledge for the molecular underpinnings of these adaptations. Finally, we identify areas where future research using a biodiversity approach can fill knowledge gaps necessary for the development of climate-resilient crops of the future.
当前的气候危机具有全球影响，将影响各大洲植物的生理机能。确保我们的农业和自然生态系统能够抵御气候变化带来的环境压力，需要从分子层面深入了解各种植物所采用的适应机制。然而，目前大多数研究仍集中在有限的一组模式物种或作物上。尽管根系在水分和养分吸收方面的功能可能对植物抗逆性和可持续农业至关重要，但对根系的研究尤其不足。在本综述中，我们重点介绍了根系的解剖学适应特征，这些特征使植物能够在不同的生态位中生存。然后，我们阐述了这些适应特征分子基础的当前知识状况。最后，我们确定了未来利用生物多样性方法进行研究的领域，这些领域可以填补开发未来抗气候作物所需的知识空白。
