Li Jingwei, Wijaya Leonardo Nicholas Adi, Jang Dong Wook, Hu Yunxia, You Jiawen, Cai Yuting, Gao Zhaoli, Mi Yongli, Luo Zhengtang
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China.
Small. 2025 Apr;21(15):e2408961. doi: 10.1002/smll.202408961. Epub 2024 Dec 10.
The need for accurate point-of-care (POC) tools, driven by increasing demands for precise medical diagnostics and monitoring, has accelerated the evolution of biosensor technology. Integrable 2D materials-based field-effect transistor (2D FET) biosensors offer label-free, rapid, and ultrasensitive detection, aligning perfectly with current biosensor trends. Given these advancements, this review focuses on the progress, challenges, and future prospects in the field of 2D FET biosensors. The distinctive physical properties of 2D materials and recent achievements in scalable synthesis are highlighted that significantly improve the manufacturing process and performance of FET biosensors. Additionally, the advancements of 2D FET biosensors are investigated in fatal disease diagnosis and screening, chronic disease management, and environmental hazards monitoring, as well as their integration in flexible electronics. Their promising capabilities shown in laboratory trials accelerate the development of prototype products, while the challenges are acknowledged, related to sensitivity, stability, and scalability that continue to impede the widespread adoption and commercialization of 2D FET biosensors. Finally, current strategies are discussed to overcome these challenges and envision future implications of 2D FET biosensors, such as their potential as smart and sustainable POC biosensors, thereby advancing human healthcare.
对精确医疗诊断和监测的需求不断增加，推动了对准确的即时检测（POC）工具的需求，这加速了生物传感器技术的发展。基于可集成二维材料的场效应晶体管（2D FET）生物传感器提供无标记、快速且超灵敏的检测，与当前生物传感器的发展趋势完美契合。鉴于这些进展，本综述重点关注2D FET生物传感器领域的进展、挑战和未来前景。突出了二维材料独特的物理特性以及可扩展合成方面的最新成就，这些显著改善了FET生物传感器的制造工艺和性能。此外，还研究了2D FET生物传感器在致命疾病诊断和筛查、慢性病管理、环境危害监测以及它们在柔性电子学中的集成方面的进展。它们在实验室试验中展现出的有前景的能力加速了原型产品的开发，同时也认识到了与灵敏度、稳定性和可扩展性相关的挑战，这些挑战继续阻碍着2D FET生物传感器的广泛应用和商业化。最后，讨论了当前克服这些挑战的策略，并展望了2D FET生物传感器的未来影响，例如它们作为智能和可持续POC生物传感器的潜力，从而推动人类医疗保健的发展。
