Anderson Michelle E, McGowan Justine, Escobar-DeMarco Jessica, Bose Sujata, Frongillo Edward A, Ferguson Laura
University of Southern California Institute on Inequalities in Global Health, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.
Matern Child Nutr. 2025 Apr;21(2):e13784. doi: 10.1111/mcn.13784. Epub 2024 Dec 11.
Maternity protection policies are designed to preserve the health of working women and their infants, support optimal infant and young child nutrition through breastfeeding and prevent workplace discrimination against women. The aim of this study was to identify how advocates may be able to effectively advance maternal leave and workplace lactation policies, two key maternity protection policies, and does so through an exploration of advocacy efforts in Indonesia, Nigeria, the Philippines and Vietnam. A desk review of programme and policy documents and 20 key informant interviews with diverse stakeholders explored advocacy efforts in each of the four countries. Thematic analyses of documents and interviews identified key considerations, challenges and success factors within each country context. These lessons can inform maternity protection policy reform efforts more broadly. Study findings show that effective, context-specific advocacy rests on strong partnerships with traditional and nontraditional stakeholders informed by opinion leader research and strengthened through various avenues of consensus-building. Contextual considerations are essential for identifying attainable policy asks and developing an advocacy strategy, with attention to a country's governance structure and availability of funding for social protections. Lastly, advocacy efforts may be most successful by presenting expanded paid maternity leave and breastfeeding-friendly workplaces as parts of a set of social protections with synergistic benefits. These lessons are intended to help inform how policy advocates can better design and implement advocacy approaches for maternity protection and entitlement policies.
生育保护政策旨在维护职业女性及其婴儿的健康，通过母乳喂养支持婴幼儿的最佳营养，并防止职场对女性的歧视。本研究的目的是确定倡导者如何能够有效地推进产假和职场哺乳政策这两项关键的生育保护政策，并通过探索印度尼西亚、尼日利亚、菲律宾和越南的倡导工作来实现这一目标。对项目和政策文件进行案头审查，并与不同利益相关者进行20次关键信息访谈，以探讨这四个国家各自的倡导工作。对文件和访谈进行主题分析，确定了每个国家背景下的关键考虑因素、挑战和成功因素。这些经验教训可以更广泛地为生育保护政策改革工作提供参考。研究结果表明，有效且因地制宜的倡导依赖于与传统和非传统利益相关者建立强有力的伙伴关系，这种伙伴关系以意见领袖研究为依据，并通过各种建立共识的途径得到加强。背景因素对于确定可实现的政策诉求和制定倡导策略至关重要，要关注一个国家的治理结构以及社会保护资金的可得性。最后，将延长带薪产假和对母乳喂养友好的工作场所作为具有协同效益的一系列社会保护措施的一部分来呈现，倡导工作可能会最为成功。这些经验教训旨在帮助政策倡导者更好地设计和实施生育保护及权益政策的倡导方法。
