Glanton Emily, Kocher Megan, Bostrom Molly, Erlandson Brady, Zierhut Heather
Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
J Genet Couns. 2025 Jun;34(3):e1999. doi: 10.1002/jgc4.1999. Epub 2024 Dec 11.
One key element of evaluating the quality of a genetic counseling session is the measurement of its efficiency, yet limited research exists on how the genetic counseling process relates to time and which elements contribute to improved quality of care. A scoping review was undertaken to document studies that have reported genetic counseling patient care time and provide a landscape of the average patient care time, which factors impact patient care time, and how patient care time relates to experiences and outcomes. Twenty-five studies met criteria and were included. Patient care time was reported variably among the studies included. On average, genetic counseling patient care time was a mean of 60 min (53 min median) for observational studies and control groups in experimental studies and 44 min (41 min median) for intervention groups in experimental studies. Interventions impacting patient care time included pre-genetic counseling education and group genetic counseling sessions. The impact of patient care time on patient experiences and outcomes was rarely evaluated, and therefore, efficiency could not often be assessed in the studies. Studies that reported on patient care time and outcomes were able to draw conclusions such as shorter time did not negatively impact patients and some groups of patients may benefit from longer sessions. Most studies did not analyze the relationship between patient care time and patient experiences or outcomes. Future research should aim to identify factors influencing patient care time, assess the content of genetic counseling sessions, and evaluate patient care time in relation to patient experiences and outcomes. Understanding these aspects could lead to improved efficiency and patient-centered, equitable care in genetic counseling practices.
评估遗传咨询服务质量的一个关键要素是对其效率进行衡量，然而，关于遗传咨询过程与时间的关系以及哪些因素有助于提高护理质量的研究却很有限。本研究进行了一项范围综述，以记录那些报告了遗传咨询患者护理时间的研究，并呈现平均患者护理时间的概况、哪些因素会影响患者护理时间，以及患者护理时间与经历和结果之间的关系。25项研究符合标准并被纳入。在所纳入的研究中，患者护理时间的报告各不相同。平均而言，观察性研究和实验性研究对照组的遗传咨询患者护理时间平均为60分钟（中位数为53分钟），而实验性研究干预组的这一数字为44分钟（中位数为41分钟）。影响患者护理时间的干预措施包括遗传咨询前教育和小组遗传咨询服务。很少有研究评估患者护理时间对患者经历和结果的影响，因此，在这些研究中往往无法评估效率。报告了患者护理时间和结果的研究能够得出一些结论，比如较短的时间不会对患者产生负面影响，而且某些患者群体可能会从较长时间的咨询服务中受益。大多数研究没有分析患者护理时间与患者经历或结果之间的关系。未来的研究应旨在确定影响患者护理时间的因素，评估遗传咨询服务的内容，并评估与患者经历和结果相关的患者护理时间。了解这些方面可能会提高遗传咨询实践的效率，并实现以患者为中心的公平护理。
