Stearns Rebecca L, Kucera Kristen L, Hosokawa Yuri, Filep Erica M, Grace Aleksis, DeLong Randi, Cantu Robert, Casa Douglas J
Korey Stringer Institute, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut.
National Center for Catastrophic Sport Injury Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Sports Health. 2024 Dec 11:19417381241298293. doi: 10.1177/19417381241298293.
Exertional heat stroke (EHS) is a leading cause of secondary school sport-related death; however, a longitudinal analysis on observed trends is lacking. Our purpose was to describe EHS deaths in United States secondary school athletes since the 1982/1983 academic year.
EHS deaths will be primarily represented by football athletes and have a stable or increasing trend across a decade-by-decade analysis.
Descriptive epidemiology study.
Level 4.
EHS deaths in secondary school sports from July 1, 1982 through June 30, 2022 captured in the National Center for Catastrophic Sports Injury Research database were included (n = 67). Chi-square test of goodness of fit (alpha = 0.05), incidence rate ratios, and 95% CIs of differences in number of deaths between the 4 decades are reported.
Of 67 deaths, 66 (98.5%) were male. Ages ranged from 13 to 18 years. Football accounted for 63 (94%) of deaths, with basketball (n = 2), soccer (n = 1), and track and field (n = 1) accounting for the remainder. The southern region had the largest number of deaths, n = 50 (74.6%). Most deaths occurred in August (n = 38), followed by July (n = 15) and September (n = 9). Stratified into 4 separate 10-year periods, the proportion of EHS deaths differed significantly across time ((3, n = 67) = 8.72; = 0.03). The period 2002-2011 had the highest number of EHS deaths (n = 26), 1982-1991 had 9, while both 1992-2011 and 2012-2021 had 16 deaths.
The most recent decade shows a 38% reduction from the peak decade (2002-2011, n = 26), but remains similar to 1982-1991.
Continued efforts are required to prevent catastrophic sport-related death due to EHS. Secondary school EHS deaths are overwhelmingly represented by football, most commonly in August, and in the south. This emphasizes the need for secondary schools to be equipped with basic tools and policies to saves lives.
劳力性热射病（EHS）是美国中学体育相关死亡的主要原因；然而，缺乏对观察到的趋势的纵向分析。我们的目的是描述自1982/1983学年以来美国中学运动员中EHS死亡情况。
EHS死亡主要发生在橄榄球运动员中，并且在逐十年分析中呈稳定或上升趋势。
描述性流行病学研究。
4级。
纳入国家灾难性运动损伤研究中心数据库中记录的1982年7月1日至2022年6月30日期间中学体育中的EHS死亡病例（n = 67）。报告了拟合优度的卡方检验（α = 0.05）、发病率比以及4个十年间死亡人数差异的95%置信区间。
67例死亡病例中，66例（98.5%）为男性。年龄范围为13至18岁。橄榄球导致63例（94%）死亡，其余死亡病例分别为篮球（n = 2）、足球（n = 1）和田径（n = 1）。南部地区死亡人数最多，为50例（74.‘6%）。大多数死亡发生在8月（n = 38），其次是7月（n = 15）和9月（n = 9）。分为4个单独的十年期后，EHS死亡比例随时间有显著差异（（3，n = 67） = 8.72；P = 0.03）。2002 - 2011年期间EHS死亡人数最多（n = 26），1982 - 1991年有9例，而1992 - 2001年和2012 - 2021年都有16例死亡。
最近十年与死亡人数最多的十年（2002 - 2011年，n = 26）相比下降了38%，但仍与1982 - 1991年相似。
需要持续努力预防因EHS导致的灾难性运动相关死亡。中学EHS死亡绝大多数由橄榄球导致，最常见于8月，且发生在南部地区。这强调中学需要配备基本工具和政策以挽救生命。
