Brahimi Nesrine, Croitoru David, Saidoune Fanny, Zabihi Haleh, Gilliet Michel, Piguet Vincent
Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Division of Dermatology, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
J Invest Dermatol. 2025 Feb;145(2):257-265. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.03.047. Epub 2024 Dec 10.
COVID-19 skin manifestations are multifaceted, ranging from urticaria, morbilliform or papulovesicular rash, livedoid purpuric lesions, and to pseudochilblains (also called COVID toes). Recent insights into the mechanism of these manifestations have highlighted that morbilliform, papulovesicular, and livedoid/purpuric rashes are related to virus-induced endothelial cell damage and linked to moderate-to-severe disease, whereas pseudochilblains are related to an exaggerated IFN-1 production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells in protected individuals. In this paper, we will review the clinical and physiopathological features of cutaneous COVID-19 manifestations in relation to the direct viral cytopathic effects and dysregulated IFN-1 responses. We will also review the emerging insights into post-COVID conditions (also termed long COVID) and how they may be implicated in the persistence of COVID-19-associated skin diseases.
新冠病毒感染相关的皮肤表现具有多面性，包括荨麻疹、麻疹样或丘疹水疱性皮疹、类脂质渐进性坏死性紫癜性损害，以及冻疮样病变（也称为“新冠脚趾”）。近期对这些表现机制的深入研究表明，麻疹样、丘疹水疱性和类脂质渐进性坏死性/紫癜性皮疹与病毒诱导的内皮细胞损伤有关，且与中重度疾病相关，而冻疮样病变则与受保护个体中浆细胞样树突状细胞过度产生1型干扰素有关。在本文中，我们将回顾新冠病毒感染相关皮肤表现的临床和生理病理特征，及其与直接病毒细胞病变效应和失调的1型干扰素反应的关系。我们还将回顾对新冠后状况（也称为“长新冠”）的新见解，以及它们如何可能与新冠病毒感染相关皮肤病的持续存在有关。
