Chen Yu, Zhang Jiamin, Yang Zhuohang, Qiu Zhi
Institute of Architectural Design and Theoretical Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Center for Balance Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Front Public Health. 2024 Nov 28;12:1488653. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1488653. eCollection 2024.
In response to the call for active aging, improving the quality of residential environments for older people is becoming a worldwide concern. Over the past decade, China has witnessed a significant increase in the construction of long-term care facilities (LTCFs) catering to the older adult with physical and mental limitations. However, the fast pace of LTCF development has led to substandard physical environments that compromise the quality of life for older individuals. Consequently, there is an urgent need to conduct comprehensive post-occupancy evaluations (POEs) in order to systematically assess the current state of LTCF physical environments and identify prevailing problems therein.
This study conducted POEs on 37 existing LTCFs from both objective and subjective perspectives, using self-developed environmental assessment tools and user satisfaction questionnaires.
The results reveal substantial room for improvement within LTCF physical environments, particularly concerning outdoor areas, resident rooms and staff spaces. The psychological needs of residents and working requirements of staff are not adequately addressed or supported.
A total of ninety-two typical problems are identified across eight categories, and relevant causes associated with programming, design, construction, and operation are discussed. The findings are expected to serve as warnings for future designs, provide empirical evidence for the revision of relevant standards, and promote the sustainable development of LTCF construction.
为响应积极老龄化的号召，改善老年人居住环境质量已成为全球关注的问题。在过去十年中，中国为身体和精神有局限的老年人建设的长期护理设施（LTCFs）显著增加。然而，长期护理设施的快速发展导致了物理环境不达标准，影响了老年人的生活质量。因此，迫切需要进行全面的使用后评价（POEs），以便系统地评估长期护理设施物理环境的现状，并找出其中存在的主要问题。
本研究使用自行开发的环境评估工具和用户满意度问卷，从客观和主观两个角度对37个现有的长期护理设施进行了使用后评价。
结果显示长期护理设施的物理环境有很大的改进空间，特别是在户外区域、居民房间和工作人员空间方面。居民的心理需求和工作人员的工作要求没有得到充分满足或支持。
共识别出八类92个典型问题，并讨论了与规划、设计、施工和运营相关的原因。研究结果有望为未来的设计提供警示，为相关标准的修订提供实证依据，并促进长期护理设施建设的可持续发展。
