Alcaraz Melissa, Schmeer Kammi K, Weitzman Abigail
Brigham Young University.
Ohio State University.
Int Migr. 2024 Oct;62(5):19-36. doi: 10.1111/imig.13284. Epub 2024 Jun 4.
Adolescents' aspirations are strong predictors of their future outcomes, including later migration experiences. Adversity also shapes aspirations for and decisions about the future. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are measures of early exposure to adversity and may be associated with migration aspirations, though this relationship is understudied. Given high rates of gender-based violence, single-headed households, and economic insecurity, Nicaragua is an important context to study this relationship. Drawing on data from the Nicaragua Health and Stress Study, we estimate multinomial logistic regressions to examine the association between adolescents' and mothers' ACEs and adolescent migration aspirations. We find that mothers' ACEs, but not adolescents' ACEs, are positively associated with adolescent migration aspirations. We also find that girls are more likely than boys to aspire to migrate. Results highlight how family and gender work together to shape young people's migration goals, with important implications for migration flows within and outside of Central America.
青少年的志向是其未来结果的有力预测指标，包括后来的移民经历。逆境也会塑造对未来的志向和决策。童年不良经历（ACEs）是早期接触逆境的衡量指标，可能与移民志向有关，尽管这种关系尚未得到充分研究。鉴于尼加拉瓜存在基于性别的暴力、单亲家庭和经济不安全的高发生率，该国是研究这种关系的重要背景。利用尼加拉瓜健康与压力研究的数据，我们估计多项逻辑回归，以检验青少年及其母亲的ACEs与青少年移民志向之间的关联。我们发现，母亲的ACEs而非青少年的ACEs与青少年移民志向呈正相关。我们还发现，女孩比男孩更有可能渴望移民。研究结果凸显了家庭和性别如何共同作用，塑造年轻人的移民目标，这对中美洲内外的移民流动具有重要意义。
