Alcaraz Melissa, Hayford Sarah R, Glick Jennifer E
Brigham Young University.
Ohio State University.
J Marriage Fam. 2022 Feb;84(1):7-31. doi: 10.1111/jomf.12815. Epub 2021 Dec 10.
This article analyzes the relationship between educational aspirations and fertility aspirations early in the life course in three different settings.
The negative relationship between women's educational attainment and childbearing is one of the most consistent associations in social science. Family scholars have a more limited understanding of the relationship between educational aspirations and fertility aspirations before childbearing or union formation.
The authors use data collected in Jalisco, Mexico; Gaza, Mozambique; and Chitwan Valley, Nepal as part of the Family Migration and Early Life Outcomes project. They estimate nested Poisson regressions to model the relationship between adolescent educational aspirations and desired family size, controlling for individual- and household-level sociodemographic variables as well as adolescent beliefs and values.
On average, adolescents who desire more education want fewer children in unadjusted models. In Mozambique and Nepal, this association is attenuated in models accounting for household characteristics. In Mexico, the association persists after incorporating these factors, but the inclusion of individual aspirations attenuates the relationship between educational aspirations and desired family size. In Mozambique, the association of educational aspirations with desired family size is moderated by gender.
As young people enter adolescence, their desires for education and childbearing are inversely related, but the mechanisms driving this association vary across contexts. This variation may be related to linkages between education, social status, and family values.
本文分析了在三种不同背景下人生早期教育期望与生育期望之间的关系。
女性受教育程度与生育之间的负相关是社会科学中最一致的关联之一。家庭学者对生育或组建家庭前教育期望与生育期望之间的关系了解较为有限。
作者使用了在墨西哥哈利斯科州、莫桑比克加沙以及尼泊尔奇旺山谷收集的数据，这些数据是“家庭迁移与早期生活结果”项目的一部分。他们估计嵌套泊松回归模型，以模拟青少年教育期望与理想家庭规模之间的关系，同时控制个人和家庭层面的社会人口变量以及青少年的信念和价值观。
平均而言，在未经调整的模型中，期望接受更多教育的青少年想要的孩子更少。在莫桑比克和尼泊尔，考虑家庭特征的模型中这种关联减弱。在墨西哥，纳入这些因素后这种关联依然存在，但加入个人期望后减弱了教育期望与理想家庭规模之间的关系。在莫桑比克，教育期望与理想家庭规模之间的关联因性别而有所不同。
随着年轻人进入青春期，他们对教育和生育的期望呈负相关，但驱动这种关联的机制因背景而异。这种差异可能与教育、社会地位和家庭价值观之间的联系有关。
