Shams Seyyede Fatemeh, Maghsudlu Mahtab, Amini-Kafiabad Sedigheh, Nazemi Amir Masoud, Massaeli Zohre, Javadzadeh Shahshani Hayedeh, Kasraian Leila
Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran.
Transfus Clin Biol. 2025 Feb;32(1):77-81. doi: 10.1016/j.tracli.2024.12.001. Epub 2024 Dec 11.
Plasma-derived medicines (PDMs) are essential for treating various disorders and require large volumes of human plasma. The debate on voluntary and compensated plasma donation continues, while WHO advocating for voluntary donations. This study examines factors influencing plasma donation, focusing on the effectiveness of voluntary donation and identifying key motivators and barriers.
This study was conducted in four blood centers. Two questionnaires were developed. The motivation questionnaire was administered to donors who had contributed plasma four times or more. The barrier questionnaire was distributed to donors who had donated only once. Chi-Square was used to compare variables and t-tests for means.
Of participants, 245 frequent plasma donors completed the motivation questionnaire, and 664 one-time donors filled out the barrier survey. Altruism motivated frequent donors, while barriers included time constraints, preference for blood donation, and lack of awareness. Among frequent donors, 84.00% [CI 95%: 0.79-0.89] were willing to donate plasma or had no preference between donating plasma or blood, compared to 39.90% [CI 95%: 0.36-0.43] of one-time donors. Tendency to donate among one-time donors increased to 68.70% [CI 95%: 0.65-0.71], 93.40% [CI 95%: 0.91-0.95], and 43.50% [CI 95%: 0.40-0.47], when requested, friends needed PDMs, or compensation was offered.
Increased tendencies for plasma donation were reported when donors were directly approached by blood centers and friends required PDMs. Results challenge significance of monetary incentives in motivation of plasma donors, suggesting that fostering an understanding of crucial role of plasma donation proves more influential in driving contributions.
血浆衍生药物（PDM）对于治疗各种疾病至关重要，且需要大量人血浆。关于自愿和有偿血浆捐献的争论仍在继续，而世界卫生组织倡导自愿捐献。本研究探讨影响血浆捐献的因素，重点关注自愿捐献的有效性，并确定关键的激励因素和障碍。
本研究在四个血液中心进行。设计了两份问卷。动机问卷发放给捐献血浆四次或更多次的捐献者。障碍问卷分发给仅捐献过一次的捐献者。使用卡方检验比较变量，使用t检验比较均值。
参与者中，245名频繁血浆捐献者完成了动机问卷，664名单次捐献者填写了障碍调查问卷。利他主义激励频繁捐献者，而障碍包括时间限制、对献血的偏好以及缺乏认识。在频繁捐献者中，84.00%[95%置信区间：0.79 - 0.89]愿意捐献血浆或对捐献血浆或血液无偏好，相比之下，单次捐献者中这一比例为39.90%[95%置信区间：0.36 - 0.43]。当被请求、朋友需要PDM或提供补偿时，单次捐献者的捐献倾向分别增至68.70%[95%置信区间：0.65 - 0.71]、93.40%[95%置信区间：0.91 - 0.95]和43.50%[95%置信区间：0.40 - 0.47]。
当血液中心直接联系捐献者且朋友需要PDM时，血浆捐献倾向增加。结果对金钱激励在血浆捐献者动机中的重要性提出质疑，表明增进对血浆捐献关键作用的理解在推动捐献方面更具影响力。
