A Neighbourhood-oriented approach to foster healthy ageing in low socioeconomic older adults: development and protocol for evaluation through intervention mapping.

The rapid ageing of our society poses significant challenges, including an increase in chronic diseases and loneliness among older adults, leading to higher demands for care and support. Addressing these needs requires an integral approach, especially among older adults with low socioeconomic status (SES). This article details the development of the Neighbourhood Active & Connected (NAC) intervention, using the Intervention Mapping framework to expand an evidence-based physical activity intervention into a neighbourhood-oriented, holistic and systemic strategy for healthy ageing. NAC focuses on enhancing physical activity, social connectedness, and digital literacy. It was developed through co-creation with local stakeholders and low-SES older adults, ensuring optimal alignment with their needs and capabilities. Performance and change objectives were established based on literature consultation and an extensive need assessment, with intervention materials refined through engagement with the target group. The results of a large-scale cluster randomised controlled trial will be utilised to evaluate NAC's impact on physical activity, loneliness, social cohesion, health-related quality of life, and digital literacy among low-SES community-dwelling older adults. This paper aims to provide a detailed roadmap for researchers and practitioners to adapt, implement and evaluate similar interventions, promoting healthy ageing in low socio-economic contexts.