Sabba Fabrizio, Kassar Christian, Zeng Teng, Mallick Synthia P, Downing Leon, McNamara Patrick
Black & Veatch, 11401 Lamar Ave, Overland Park, KS 66211, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, United States.
Black & Veatch, 11401 Lamar Ave, Overland Park, KS 66211, United States.
J Hazard Mater. 2025 Jan 5;481:136685. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136685. Epub 2024 Nov 30.
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely used in consumer products and are particularly high in landfill leachate. The practice of sending leachate to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is an issue for utilities that have biosolids land application limits based on PFAS concentrations. Moreover, landfills may face their own effluent limit guidelines for PFAS. The purpose of this review is to understand the most appropriate treatment technology combinations for mitigating PFAS in landfill leachate. The first objective is to understand the unique chemical characteristics of landfill leachate. The second objective is to establish the role and importance of known and emerging analytical techniques for PFAS characterization in leachate, including quantification of precursor compounds. Next, an overview of technologies that concentrate PFAS and technologies that destroy PFAS is provided, including fundamental background content and key operating parameters. Finally, practical considerations for PFAS treatment technologies are reviewed, and recommendations for PFAS treatment trains are described. Both pros and cons of treatment trains are noted. In summary, the complex matrix of leachate requires a separation treatment step first, such as foam fractionation, for example, to concentrate the PFAS into a lower-volume stream. Then, a degradation treatment step can be applied to the concentrated PFAS stream.
全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）广泛应用于消费品中，在垃圾渗滤液中的含量尤其高。对于那些基于PFAS浓度对生物固体土地施用有限制的公用事业公司来说，将渗滤液送往污水处理厂（WWTPs）的做法是一个问题。此外，垃圾填埋场可能也面临着自身关于PFAS的出水限制指南。本综述的目的是了解减轻垃圾渗滤液中PFAS的最合适的处理技术组合。第一个目标是了解垃圾渗滤液独特的化学特性。第二个目标是确定已知和新兴的分析技术在渗滤液中PFAS表征方面的作用和重要性，包括前体化合物的定量分析。接下来，概述了浓缩PFAS的技术和破坏PFAS的技术，包括基本背景内容和关键操作参数。最后，回顾了PFAS处理技术的实际考虑因素，并描述了PFAS处理流程的建议。同时指出了处理流程的优缺点。总之，渗滤液的复杂基质首先需要一个分离处理步骤，例如泡沫分离，以便将PFAS浓缩到体积更小的流中。然后，可以对浓缩的PFAS流应用降解处理步骤。
