Charretier Laura, Eustache Francis, Laisney Mickael, Dayan Jacques, Fraisse Florence, de La Sayette Vincent, Gagnepain Pierre, Chakli Amine, Klein-Peschanski Carine, Peschanski Denis, Quinette Peggy
Université de Caen Normandie, PSL, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France.
CHGR Rennes-I, service universitaire de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, Rennes, France.
Front Psychiatry. 2024 Nov 29;15:1390470. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1390470. eCollection 2024.
Individuals suffering from PTSD recount the traumatic event using perceptual, emotional and sensory details. Memorization and recall of individual events are influenced by the individual's social function, i.e., what they are willing and able to share about themselves with others and the society. While the influence of PTSD on narratives has been studied, few studies have measured the effect of social function on the link between PTSD and narrative.
The aim was to measure trauma narratives of the terrorist attacks of November 13, 2015, according to the presence of PTSD and considering the social function (civil or professional) at the time of exposure.
Thirty-seven civilians (including 16 women and 21 men) and 22 first responders (including 7 women and 15 men) exposed to the terrorist attacks of November 13, 2015, in France recounted their experiences. Textometric analyses were carried out to characterize the narrative lexicons of the 4 groups (civilians with PTSD; civilians without PTSD, first responders with PTSD; first responders without PTSD).
The narratives of civilians with or without PTSD contain emotional details of the event. The narratives of first responders with and without PTSD contain details of intervention and team. The narratives of civilians and first responders with PTSD contain elements of social and family contacts. The narratives of civilians and first responders without PTSD contains elements of collective control and aid. Civilians with PTSD mostly use the "I" in narratives, while first responders without PTSD mostly use the "we" narrative and the notion of colleague.
Trauma narratives of individuals exposed to the same collective traumatic event who have developed PTSD are characterized by information about social and family contexts. Trauma narratives of individuals without PTSD show a sense of control and collective support. Associated with PTSD, the social function during the event influences the narrative, involving self-centered statements (first person singular, individual reactions) for exposed civilians, and allo-centered statements (colleagues, victims) for exposed professionals. This study underlines the importance of considering the inclusion of reference to the social group to which one belongs when testifying about peritraumatic experiences to others.
患有创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的个体在讲述创伤事件时会使用感知、情感和感官细节。个体事件的记忆和回忆受到个体社会功能的影响，即他们愿意并能够与他人和社会分享自己的哪些方面。虽然已经研究了PTSD对叙述的影响，但很少有研究测量社会功能对PTSD与叙述之间联系的影响。
旨在根据PTSD的存在情况，并考虑暴露时的社会功能（公民或专业人员），来测量2015年11月13日恐怖袭击事件的创伤叙述。
37名平民（包括16名女性和21名男性）和22名急救人员（包括7名女性和15名男性）在法国经历了2015年11月13日的恐怖袭击事件，他们讲述了自己的经历。进行了文本分析，以描述4组人群（患有PTSD的平民；未患PTSD的平民、患有PTSD的急救人员；未患PTSD的急救人员）的叙述词汇特征。
患有或未患PTSD的平民的叙述包含事件的情感细节。患有和未患PTSD的急救人员的叙述包含干预和团队的细节。患有PTSD的平民和急救人员的叙述包含社会和家庭联系的元素。未患PTSD的平民和急救人员的叙述包含集体控制和援助的元素。患有PTSD的平民在叙述中大多使用“我”，而未患PTSD的急救人员大多使用“我们”的叙述方式和同事的概念。
经历了相同集体创伤事件并患上PTSD的个体的创伤叙述以有关社会和家庭背景的信息为特征。未患PTSD的个体的创伤叙述表现出一种控制感和集体支持。与PTSD相关，事件期间的社会功能会影响叙述，对于受影响的平民来说涉及以自我为中心的陈述（第一人称单数，个体反应），而对于受影响的专业人员来说涉及以他人为中心的陈述（同事、受害者）。这项研究强调了在向他人讲述创伤经历时考虑提及自己所属社会群体的重要性。
