Hasan Nadia H, Alkhalidi Emad Farhan, Qasim Ammar Abdulghani
Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq.
Department of Basic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq.
J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2024 Oct 29;14(5):405-412. doi: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_38_24. eCollection 2024 Sep-Oct.
To evaluate the micro-shear bond strength (µ-SBS) of resin-modified glass ionomer cement and to assess the chemical and topographical changes in the zirconia fitting surface induced by acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel using scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
Thirty-two samples were prepared from two zirconia materials, UPCERA HT White and BruxZir Solid Zirconia, milled by a computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing system. From each zirconia sample, six plates were prepared for FTIR and SEM testing. Following sintering, the samples were divided into control and test groups for each material. The APF gel (1.23%) was applied to the intaglio surface of each test group. To measure the µ-SBS between the zirconia materials and luting cement, 20 rectangular samples of zirconia material were prepared. Ten samples were obtained from Upcera and ten from Bruxzir, with five assigned to the control and five to APF groups.
For the µ-SBS test, independent samples test was conducted to determine the level of significance between the tested groups.
FTIR spectroscopy revealed new bands for Upcera and Bruxzir zirconia owing to ion exchange between the formed sodium phosphate and the zirconia surface and the formation of zirconium phosphate by an ester reaction. SEM assessment identified lines, scratches, or surface dissociation that appeared on the intaglio-zirconia surface after conditioning. The µ-SBS test, as indicated by the independent samples test, showed a significant increase in bond strength of 1.266 and 1.566 MPa for Upcera and Bruxzir zirconia, respectively.
This study offers new practical, cost-effective, and accurate tests to enhance the µ-SBS of luting cement to yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal ceramics.
评估树脂改性玻璃离子水门汀的微剪切粘结强度（µ-SBS），并使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析和傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱法评估酸化磷酸氟（APF）凝胶对氧化锆拟合表面的化学和形貌变化。
由两种氧化锆材料UPCERA HT White和BruxZir Solid Zirconia通过计算机辅助设计/计算机辅助制造系统研磨制备32个样本。从每个氧化锆样本中制备六个用于FTIR和SEM测试的板。烧结后，将每种材料的样本分为对照组和测试组。将APF凝胶（1.23%）应用于每个测试组的内表面。为测量氧化锆材料与粘结水门汀之间的µ-SBS，制备了20个氧化锆材料的矩形样本。从Upcera获得10个样本，从Bruxzir获得10个样本，其中5个分配到对照组，5个分配到APF组。
对于µ-SBS测试，进行独立样本检验以确定测试组之间的显著性水平。
FTIR光谱显示，由于形成的磷酸钠与氧化锆表面之间的离子交换以及通过酯反应形成磷酸锆，Upcera和Bruxzir氧化锆出现了新的谱带。SEM评估确定了处理后在内表面-氧化锆表面出现的线条、划痕或表面解离。独立样本检验表明，µ-SBS测试显示Upcera和Bruxzir氧化锆的粘结强度分别显著增加了1.266 MPa和1.566 MPa。
本研究提供了新的实用、经济高效且准确的测试方法，以提高粘结水门汀与氧化钇稳定四方多晶氧化锆陶瓷的µ-SBS。
