Bajraktarova-Valjakova Emilija, Grozdanov Anita, Guguvcevski Ljuben, Korunoska-Stevkovska Vesna, Kapusevska Biljana, Gigovski Nikola, Mijoska Aneta, Bajraktarova-Misevska Cvetanka
Department of Prosthodontics, University Dental Clinical Centre "St Pantelejmon", Faculty of Dentistry, Ss Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Mother Teresa 17, 1000 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Ss Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Ruger Boskovic 16, 1000 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2018 Mar 14;6(3):568-573. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2018.147. eCollection 2018 Mar 15.
The purpose of this review is to represent acids that can be used as surface etchant before adhesive luting of ceramic restorations, placement of orthodontic brackets or repair of chipped porcelain restorations. Chemical reactions, application protocol, and etching effect are presented as well.
Available scientific articles published in PubMed and Scopus literature databases, scientific reports and manufacturers' instructions and product information from internet websites, written in English, using following search terms: "acid etching, ceramic surface treatment, hydrofluoric acid, acidulated phosphate fluoride, ammonium hydrogen bifluoride", have been reviewed.
There are several acids with fluoride ion in their composition that can be used as ceramic surface etchants. The etching effect depends on the acid type and its concentration, etching time, as well as ceramic type. The most effective etching pattern is achieved when using hydrofluoric acid; the numerous micropores and channels of different sizes, honeycomb-like appearance, extruded crystals or scattered irregular ceramic particles, depending on the ceramic type, have been detected on the etched surfaces.
Acid etching of the bonding surface of glass - ceramic restorations is considered as the most effective treatment method that provides a reliable bond with composite cement. Selective removing of the glassy matrix of silicate ceramics results in a micromorphological three-dimensional porous surface that allows micromechanical interlocking of the luting composite.
本综述旨在介绍可在陶瓷修复体粘结粘固前、正畸托槽放置或瓷修复体崩瓷修复时用作表面蚀刻剂的酸类。同时还介绍了化学反应、应用方案及蚀刻效果。
对发表于PubMed和Scopus文献数据库的现有科学文章、科学报告以及来自互联网网站的制造商说明和产品信息进行了综述，这些文献均为英文，使用了以下检索词：“酸蚀、陶瓷表面处理、氢氟酸、酸蚀磷酸氟、氟化氢铵”。
有几种含氟离子的酸可作为陶瓷表面蚀刻剂。蚀刻效果取决于酸的类型及其浓度、蚀刻时间以及陶瓷类型。使用氢氟酸时可获得最有效的蚀刻图案；根据陶瓷类型的不同，在蚀刻表面检测到了大量不同尺寸的微孔和通道、蜂窝状外观、挤压晶体或分散的不规则陶瓷颗粒。
玻璃陶瓷修复体粘结面的酸蚀被认为是与复合粘结剂实现可靠粘结的最有效处理方法。选择性去除硅酸盐陶瓷的玻璃基质可形成微观形态的三维多孔表面，从而实现粘结复合材料的微机械嵌合。
