Wu Yunxiao, Wang Changming, Jiang Yingchao, Zhang Ya, Zheng Li, Ning Xiao-Lin, Xu Zhifei
School of Instrumentation Science and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, People's Republic of China.
Nat Sci Sleep. 2024 Dec 11;16:1995-2007. doi: 10.2147/NSS.S484458. eCollection 2024.
To investigate how attention is affected in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) using the attention network test (ANT) combined with event-related potential (ERP) and time-frequency analysis.
Eighty-seven children aged 6-11 years with symptoms of snoring or mouth breathing during sleep were recruited from the Sleep Center of Beijing Children's Hospital from May to July, 2023. All participants completed the Mini-mental State Examination and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder rating scale. We acquired 32-lead electroencephalography (EEG) data while participants performed the ANT, followed by Polysomnography.
Of the 87 children, 21 had no OSA, 49 had mild OSA, and 17 had moderate to severe (MS) OSA. Each group had similar questionnaire scores, similar response time and accuracy for the different ANT conditions. There are alterations in the processing of three separate components of the attentional network in children with OSA. The amplitude of the N3 component at the F electrode in the MS OSA group was lower than that of the non-OSA and mild OSA groups (all <0.05). In the executi control network phase, the energy of alpha band was higher in the MS OSA group than in the mild OSA group (Z=-2.624, =0.026). The mean amplitude of the N3 component at the F electrode was correlated with the obstructive apnea-hypopnea index (OAHI) (r=0.232, =0.038).
Attention impairment was observed as a reduced N3 in the frontal area in the MS OSA group, which was correlated with the OAHI. However, questionnaire and behavioral performance did not differ significantly between groups. These findings suggest that the N3 amplitude is a sensitive neuroelectrophysiological marker of OSA-related cognitive impairment.
采用注意力网络测试（ANT）结合事件相关电位（ERP）和时频分析，研究阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）患儿的注意力如何受到影响。
2023年5月至7月，从北京儿童医院睡眠中心招募了87名6-11岁有睡眠打鼾或口呼吸症状的儿童。所有参与者均完成简易精神状态检查表和注意力缺陷多动障碍评定量表。在参与者进行ANT时，我们采集了32导脑电图（EEG）数据，随后进行多导睡眠图检查。
87名儿童中，21名无OSA，49名有轻度OSA，17名有中度至重度（MS）OSA。每组的问卷得分、不同ANT条件下的反应时间和准确性相似。OSA患儿注意力网络的三个独立成分的处理存在改变。MS OSA组F电极处N3成分的波幅低于非OSA组和轻度OSA组（均P<0.05）。在执行控制网络阶段，MS OSA组的α频段能量高于轻度OSA组（Z=-2.624，P=0.026）。F电极处N3成分的平均波幅与阻塞性呼吸暂停低通气指数（OAHI）相关（r=0.232，P=0.038）。
在MS OSA组中观察到注意力受损表现为额叶区域N3波幅降低，且与OAHI相关。然而，各组之间的问卷和行为表现无显著差异。这些发现表明，N3波幅是OSA相关认知障碍的一个敏感的神经电生理标志物。
