Tamiru Yihunnie Dessie, Sendo Endalew Gemechu, Deressa Jembere Tesfaye
Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Ther Adv Vaccines Immunother. 2024 Dec 13;12:25151355241305855. doi: 10.1177/25151355241305855. eCollection 2024.
The risk of neonatal tetanus infection will be reduced when the pregnant woman takes two doses of the maternal tetanus toxoid vaccine. In Ethiopia, however, low immunization coverage levels, mostly due to missed opportunities, are a concern. The study's main objective of the study was to assess tetanus toxoid immunization utilization coverage and associated factors among postnatal mothers in Debre Markos town, Ethiopia.
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 505 mothers who had given birth in the last 12 months. A two-stage stratified sampling technique was applied, and the The participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were entered into EpiData manager version 4.6.0 and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25 software. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) at 95% CIs were used to identify factors associated with tetanus toxoid immunization utilization.
The total tetanus vaccine intake (TT+2) doses were 71.2% (95% CI: 67.4-76.2). Mothers who attended primary school (AOR: 0.07, 95% CI: (0.01-0.6)), mothers whose husbands had secondary education (AOR: 0.26, 95% CI: (0.08-0.84)), mothers who attended 2-3 times antenatal care (ANC) visit (AOR: 0.05, 95% CI: (0.01-0.3)), good quality service (AOR: 2.8, 95% CI: (1.05-7.5)), appropriate behavior of health workers (AOR: 6.2, 95% CI: (2.2-18.7)), and who visited health extension workers (AOR: 7.6, 95% CI: (2.3-25.3)) were significantly associated with TT vaccine utilization.
Only three out of four pregnant women received the current TT vaccine during their previous pregnancy. The most influencing factors in TT vaccine utilization were the mother and her husband's low educational level, 2-3 times ANC visits during pregnancy, the standard of healthcare service, the healthcare provider's behavior, and the mother's visits with health extension staff.
孕妇接种两剂破伤风类毒素疫苗可降低新生儿破伤风感染风险。然而，在埃塞俄比亚，免疫接种覆盖率较低，主要原因是存在接种机会缺失的情况，这令人担忧。本研究的主要目的是评估埃塞俄比亚德布雷马科斯镇产后母亲的破伤风类毒素免疫接种利用率及相关因素。
对过去12个月内分娩的505名母亲进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。采用两阶段分层抽样技术，并使用系统随机抽样技术选取参与者。数据录入EpiData manager 4.6.0版本，并使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）25版软件进行分析。进行了双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析。使用95%置信区间的调整优势比（AOR）来确定与破伤风类毒素免疫接种利用率相关的因素。
破伤风疫苗总接种量（TT + 2）剂量为71.2%（95%置信区间：67.4 - 76.2）。接受过小学教育的母亲（AOR：0.07，95%置信区间：（0.01 - 0.6））、丈夫接受过中等教育的母亲（AOR：0.26，95%置信区间：（0.08 - 0.84））、进行过2 - 3次产前检查（ANC）的母亲（AOR：0.05，95%置信区间：（0.01 - 0.3））、优质服务（AOR：2.8，95%置信区间：（1.05 - 7.5））、医护人员的适当行为（AOR：6.2，95%置信区间：（2.2 - 18.7））以及拜访过健康推广工作者的母亲（AOR：7.6，95%置信区间：（2.3 - 25.3））与破伤风疫苗接种利用率显著相关。
四分之三的孕妇在上次怀孕期间接种了当前的破伤风疫苗。破伤风疫苗接种利用率的最主要影响因素是母亲及其丈夫的低教育水平、孕期进行2 - 3次产前检查、医疗服务标准、医护人员的行为以及母亲拜访健康推广人员。
