Singh Gaurav, Patra Somdatta, Upadhyay Madhu K, Srivastava Shruti
Department of Community Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India.
Department of Psychiatry, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India.
J Educ Health Promot. 2024 Sep 28;13:370. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1545_23. eCollection 2024.
The paucity of community-based research and misunderstandings surrounding mental illness in low- and middle-income countries impede the provision of proper care in this domain. The objective of this research was to assess the prevalence of common mental disorders in an urban resettlement colony in Delhi, India, explore associated factors, and understand the community's perspective on mental health.
A community-based mixed-method study was conducted in which 130 participants were selected through multistage systematic random sampling and 12 key community members by purposive sampling. To assess the prevalence of common mental disorders, the 20-item Self-Reported Questionnaire (SRQ-20) was used, while the community's viewpoint on mental illness was explored using an in-depth interview guide. The odds ratio (OR) for risk factors was calculated using Pearson's Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and multiple logistic regression. For the qualitative component, themes were analyzed and presented.
The study found an 18.5% prevalence of common mental disorders in the area. Socioeconomic status, hypertension, chronic health conditions, and the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on personal life were significant predictors ( < 0.05). The qualitative study identified that community members have a negative perspective on mental illness. Women are a vulnerable group because of their susceptibility to violence and certain cultural factors.
Insufficient knowledge and societal stigmatization act as barriers to accessing mental health services. Certain groups, such as people of lower socioeconomic strata, living with a chronic disease are more affected. Targeted interventions are required to address these effectively.
低收入和中等收入国家基于社区的研究匮乏以及对精神疾病存在误解，这阻碍了该领域适当护理的提供。本研究的目的是评估印度德里一个城市安置区常见精神障碍的患病率，探索相关因素，并了解社区对心理健康的看法。
开展了一项基于社区的混合方法研究，通过多阶段系统随机抽样选取了130名参与者，并通过目的抽样选取了12名关键社区成员。为评估常见精神障碍的患病率，使用了20项自评问卷（SRQ - 20），同时使用深入访谈指南探索社区对精神疾病的看法。使用Pearson卡方检验、Fisher精确检验和多元逻辑回归计算风险因素的比值比（OR）。对于定性部分，对主题进行了分析和呈现。
该研究发现该地区常见精神障碍的患病率为18.5%。社会经济地位、高血压、慢性健康状况以及2019冠状病毒病（COVID - 19）大流行对个人生活的影响是显著的预测因素（<0.05）。定性研究表明社区成员对精神疾病持负面看法。由于易遭受暴力和某些文化因素，女性是弱势群体。
知识不足和社会污名化成为获得心理健康服务的障碍。某些群体，如社会经济阶层较低者、患有慢性病者受影响更大。需要有针对性的干预措施来有效解决这些问题。
