患者对精神卫生保健中人工智能的不同看法：一项横断面调查研究。
Differing perspectives on artificial intelligence in mental healthcare among patients: a cross-sectional survey study.
作者信息
Reading Turchioe Meghan, Desai Pooja, Harkins Sarah, Kim Jessica, Kumar Shiveen, Zhang Yiye, Joly Rochelle, Pathak Jyotishman, Hermann Alison, Benda Natalie
机构信息
Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, NY, United States.
Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.
出版信息
Front Digit Health. 2024 Nov 29;6:1410758. doi: 10.3389/fdgth.2024.1410758. eCollection 2024.
INTRODUCTION
Artificial intelligence (AI) is being developed for mental healthcare, but patients' perspectives on its use are unknown. This study examined differences in attitudes towards AI being used in mental healthcare by history of mental illness, current mental health status, demographic characteristics, and social determinants of health.
METHODS
We conducted a cross-sectional survey of an online sample of 500 adults asking about general perspectives, comfort with AI, specific concerns, explainability and transparency, responsibility and trust, and the importance of relevant bioethical constructs.
RESULTS
Multiple vulnerable subgroups perceive potential harms related to AI being used in mental healthcare, place importance on upholding bioethical constructs, and would blame or reduce trust in multiple parties, including mental healthcare professionals, if harm or conflicting assessments resulted from AI.
DISCUSSION
Future research examining strategies for ethical AI implementation and supporting clinician AI literacy is critical for optimal patient and clinician interactions with AI in mental healthcare.
引言
人工智能（AI）正在被开发用于精神卫生保健，但患者对其使用的看法尚不清楚。本研究考察了有精神疾病史、当前心理健康状况、人口统计学特征以及健康的社会决定因素对人们在精神卫生保健中使用人工智能的态度差异。
方法
我们对500名成年人的在线样本进行了横断面调查，询问他们的总体看法、对人工智能的接受程度、具体担忧、可解释性和透明度、责任与信任，以及相关生物伦理概念的重要性。
结果
多个弱势群体认为在精神卫生保健中使用人工智能存在潜在危害，重视维护生物伦理概念，如果人工智能造成伤害或产生相互矛盾的评估，他们会指责或降低对包括精神卫生保健专业人员在内的多方的信任。
讨论
未来研究探讨道德人工智能实施策略并提高临床医生的人工智能素养，对于在精神卫生保健中实现患者与人工智能以及临床医生与人工智能的最佳互动至关重要。
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