Majid Misbah, Ganai Bashir Ahmad, Wani Abdul Hamid
Plant Pathology, Mycology and Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India.
Center of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India.
Curr Microbiol. 2024 Dec 16;82(1):40. doi: 10.1007/s00284-024-04023-x.
Endophytic fungi serve as vital reservoirs of natural products. This study investigates the role of the endophytic fungus, Diaporthe amygdali GWS39, isolated from Geranium wallichianum D. Don Ex Sweet aerial stem. Showing a notable resemblance to Diaporthe amygdali, as confirmed through microscopic, molecular and phylogenetic techniques, this fungal endophyte displays promising antifungal and antioxidant capabilities. Remarkably, the present research marks the first report of D. amygdali as a stem inhabiting endophyte in an herbaceous perennial, Geranium wallichianum D. Don Ex Sweet on a global scale. This study pioneers the documentation of broad-spectrum antifungal activity exhibited by endophyte D. amygdali GWS39 against some economically important pathogens. The antioxidant activity of D. amygdali GWS39 crude extracts showed strong positive correlation, with R values of 0.99 for the methanolic extract and 0.93 for the ethyl acetate extract, indicating high antioxidant potential. In addition, the current investigation likely signifies the initial record of the bioactive chemical constituents of the endophyte D. amygdali GWS39 using GC-MS. In the GC-MS chromatogram of ethyl acetate extract, cyclohexaneamine, phenol, 2,6, dimethoxy-, benzenesulphonamide, N-(2,6, dimethylphenyl)-2-ethoxy-5-(tetrazol-1-yl), morpholine, 1-, beta, -d-Ribofuranosyl-3-[5-tetraazolyl]-1,2,4, triazole were identified. These compounds are previously reported for potent antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, antiviral, anticancer activities. The analysis of methanolic crude extract uncovers the presence of compounds such as arsenous acid tris(trimethylsilyl) ester, n-Hexadecanoic acid, methyl 10,11-octadecadienoate with noted antibiotic, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antihistaminic and anticancer activities.
内生真菌是天然产物的重要储存库。本研究调查了从香叶天竺葵地上茎分离出的内生真菌扁桃间座壳菌GWS39的作用。通过显微镜、分子和系统发育技术证实，这种真菌内生菌与扁桃间座壳菌有显著相似之处，具有良好的抗真菌和抗氧化能力。值得注意的是，本研究是全球范围内首次报道扁桃间座壳菌作为多年生草本香叶天竺葵茎栖内生菌。本研究首次记录了内生菌扁桃间座壳菌GWS39对一些经济上重要的病原体具有广谱抗真菌活性。扁桃间座壳菌GWS39粗提物的抗氧化活性显示出很强的正相关性，甲醇提取物的R值为0.99，乙酸乙酯提取物的R值为0.93，表明其具有很高的抗氧化潜力。此外，目前的研究可能标志着首次使用气相色谱-质谱联用仪记录内生菌扁桃间座壳菌GWS39的生物活性化学成分。在乙酸乙酯提取物的气相色谱-质谱联用仪色谱图中，鉴定出了环己胺、苯酚、2,6-二甲氧基-、苯磺酰胺、N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)-2-乙氧基-5-(四唑-1-基)、吗啉、1-、β-D-呋喃核糖基-3-[5-四唑基]-1,2,4-三唑。这些化合物此前报道具有强大的抗菌、抗真菌、抗氧化、抗病毒、抗癌活性。甲醇粗提物的分析发现了亚砷酸三(三甲基硅基)酯、正十六烷酸、10,11-十八碳二烯酸甲酯等化合物，这些化合物具有显著的抗生素、抗真菌、抗炎、抗病毒、抗组胺和抗癌活性。
