Hammerstrom Mathew R, Binsted Gordon, Krigolson Olave E
Theoretical and Applied Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Room 172, 11 Gabriola Rd, Victoria, British Columbia, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.
Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2025 Apr;25(2):377-386. doi: 10.3758/s13415-024-01247-z. Epub 2024 Dec 16.
We preferentially process self-related information. However, less is known about how this advantage extends to reward processing and if this process is sensitive to a continuum of self-relevance. Specifically, do we dissociate ourselves from all others when processing rewards, or do those we know personally also enjoy self-related biases? To address this, we recorded electroencephalographic (EEG) data from 30 undergraduate student participants who played a simple two-choice "bandit" gambling game where a photo presented before each gamble indicated whether it benefited either the participant, an individual they knew, or a person they did not know. Temporal spatial principal components analysis (tsPCA) of EEG data evoked by target photos revealed a component consistent with attention and early perceptual processing (the P200), while analysis of data evoked by the feedback stimuli revealed a component consistent with reward processing (the reward positivity). Results demonstrated that P200 component scores were larger for self-gambles than both known- and unknown-other target photos. Interestingly, and contrary to previous findings, reward positivity component scores were similar for all gambles independent of perceived ownership. Our findings suggest that, when gambling for individuals on a continuum of self-relevance, the potential for monetary gain based on the self-relevance cues is differentially processed for ourselves while the actual reward is not. We suggest that the known-other gambling target introduced an empathy-like effect, contesting the self-bias in reward processing.
我们优先处理与自我相关的信息。然而，对于这种优势如何扩展到奖励处理，以及该过程是否对自我相关性的连续统敏感，我们所知甚少。具体而言，在处理奖励时，我们是否将自己与所有其他人区分开来，还是我们认识的人也会受到与自我相关的偏差影响？为了解决这个问题，我们记录了30名本科生参与者的脑电图（EEG）数据，他们参与了一个简单的二选一“老虎机”赌博游戏，在每次赌博前展示的一张照片表明该赌博是使参与者、他们认识的一个人还是他们不认识的一个人受益。对目标照片诱发的EEG数据进行的时空主成分分析（tsPCA）揭示了一个与注意力和早期感知处理一致的成分（P200），而对反馈刺激诱发的数据进行的分析揭示了一个与奖励处理一致的成分（奖励正波）。结果表明，自我赌博的P200成分得分高于已知他人和未知他人的目标照片。有趣的是，与之前的研究结果相反，所有赌博的奖励正波成分得分相似，与感知所有权无关。我们的研究结果表明，当在自我相关性的连续统上为个体进行赌博时，基于自我相关性线索获得金钱收益的可能性在我们自身身上会得到不同的处理，而实际奖励则不然。我们认为，已知他人的赌博目标引入了一种类似共情的效应，对奖励处理中的自我偏差提出了挑战。
