Garrison-Desany Henri M, Childress Chase P, McConico Nicole, Jarrett Brooke A, Howell Sean, Glick Jennifer L
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
BMC Glob Public Health. 2023 Sep 18;1(1):16. doi: 10.1186/s44263-023-00014-5.
Transgender and non-binary (TNB) people are at high risk of substance misuse compared to cisgender individuals. Few studies have described substance use among non-binary people, and many studies have focused solely on samples from Western countries. In this global study of TNB people, we sought to identify intra-group differences, risk factors, and COVID-related changes in the use of tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis.
We used cross-sectional data from 926 TNB users of the Hornet app across 76 countries between October and November 2020. Participants self-reported the use of tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis in the past 6 months and any changes in use during the pandemic. We generated descriptive statistics and used logistic regression to assess substance use between TNB subgroups, identify risk factors for each substance by gender identity, and identify changes in substance use before and during the pandemic.
Most TNB participants used tobacco (53.7%, n = 498) and alcohol (66.3%, n = 614). Non-binary participants had increased odds of using cannabis (adjusted odds ratio: 1.62, 95% CI 1.03, 2.55) compared to transfeminine participants. Participants' geographic region of residence was most associated with higher substance use, compared to other potential factors. Most participants reported increases in at least one substance during COVID-19 (54.2%, n = 276 of 518 responses).
In this global TNB sample, we found that substance use varied by gender identity, and changes in substance use during the pandemic varied by TNB sub-groups. We join researchers calling for gender-specific tailoring of substance-related services for TNB clients and urge further studies with greater inclusion and disaggregation of non-binary and transmasculine individuals to support better-informed analysis of transgender health.
与顺性别者相比，跨性别者和非二元性别者物质滥用的风险较高。很少有研究描述非二元性别者的物质使用情况，而且许多研究仅关注来自西方国家的样本。在这项针对跨性别者和非二元性别者的全球研究中，我们试图确定烟草、酒精和大麻使用方面的群体内部差异、风险因素以及与新冠疫情相关的变化。
我们使用了2020年10月至11月期间来自76个国家的926名使用Hornet应用程序的跨性别者和非二元性别者的横断面数据。参与者自行报告过去6个月内烟草、酒精和大麻的使用情况以及疫情期间使用情况的任何变化。我们生成了描述性统计数据，并使用逻辑回归来评估跨性别者和非二元性别者亚组之间的物质使用情况，按性别认同确定每种物质的风险因素，并确定疫情前和疫情期间物质使用的变化。
大多数跨性别者和非二元性别者参与者使用烟草（53.7%，n = 498）和酒精（66.3%，n = 614）。与跨性别女性参与者相比，非二元性别参与者使用大麻的几率增加（调整后的优势比：1.62，95%置信区间1.03，2.55）。与其他潜在因素相比，参与者居住的地理区域与更高的物质使用最为相关。大多数参与者报告在新冠疫情期间至少有一种物质的使用增加（54.2%，518份回复中有276份）。
在这个全球跨性别者和非二元性别者样本中，我们发现物质使用因性别认同而异，疫情期间物质使用的变化因跨性别者和非二元性别者亚组而异。我们与研究人员一道呼吁为跨性别者和非二元性别者客户提供针对特定性别的物质相关服务，并敦促进行进一步研究，更多地纳入和细分非二元性别者和跨性别男性个体，以支持对跨性别健康进行更明智的分析。
